Open Access

ARTICLE

Valorization of Tunisian Pomegranate Peel Tannins in Green Adhesives Formulation

Houda Saad^1,2,*, Antonio Pizzi^3,4, Bertrand Charrier², Naceur Ayed¹, Karsten Rode⁵, Fatima Charrier - El Bouhtoury²

1 INSAT, Organic and Food Industrial Chemistry Research Unit, 00UR/1201, Centre Urbain Nord B.P. N° 676/1080, Tunis, Tunisia
2 IPREM, UMR CNRS 5254, IUT des Pays de l’Adour, 371 rue du Ruisseau, 40004 Mont de Marsan, France
3 ENSTB-LERMAB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, BP 1041, 88051 Epinal, France
4 Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
5 Deutsches Kunststoff-Institut (German Institute for Polymers), Schlossgartenstrasse 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany

Journal of Renewable Materials 2015, 3(1), 34-43. https://doi.org/10.7569/JRM.2014.634130

Received 30 October 2014; Accepted 07 January 2015;

Abstract

The possible use of Tunisian pomegranate tannins in wood adhesive formulation was studied for the fi rst time. Colorimetric tests, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-fl ight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to examine pomegranate tannins. Analysis showed that pomegranate peels are rich in hydrolyzable tannins. The Stiasny number tests showed the low reactivity of pomegranate tannin extract to formaldehyde and thus the diffi culty of using it in wood adhesive formulation. Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) and strength analysis of pomegranate tannin/hexamine-based resin showed weak bonding properties.

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Keywords

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