Open Access

ARTICLE

Thermo-Mechanical, Physico-Chemical, Morphological, and Fire Characteristics of Eco-Friendly Particleboard Manufactured with Phosphorylated Lignin Addition

Apri Heri Iswanto^1,*, Harisyah Manurung¹, Asma Sohail², Lee Seng Hua^3,9, Petar Antov⁴, Deded Sarip Nawawi⁵, Sarah Latifah⁵, Dewi Shafa Kayla^5,6, Sukma Surya Kusumah⁶, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis⁶, Linda Makovická Osvaldová⁷, Mohd. Hazwan Hussin⁸, Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian⁹, Lum Wei Chen¹⁰, Puji Rahmawati Nurcahyani⁶, Nam Hun Kim¹¹, Widya Fatriasari⁶

1 Department of Forest Products, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Kampus USU Padang Bulan, Medan, North Sumatra, 20155, Indonesia
2 Department of Chemistry, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, 4444, Pakistan
3 Department of Wood Industry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Pahang Kampus Jengka, Shah Alam, 26400, Malaysia
4 Faculty of Forest Industry, University of Forestry, Sofia, 1797, Bulgaria
5 Department of Forest Product, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
6 Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
7 Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Security Engineering, University of Zilina, Zilina, 01001, Slovakia
8 Materials Technology Research Group (MaTReC), School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, 11800, Malaysia
9 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, 522240, India
10 Department of Bio and Natural Resources, Faculty of Bioengineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli, Kelantan, 17600, Malaysia
11 Department of Forest Biomaterials Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea

* Corresponding Author: Apri Heri Iswanto. Email: