Open Access

REVIEW

Sustainable Biocomposites Materials for Automotive Brake Pad Application: An Overview

Joseph O. Dirisu^1,*, Imhade P. Okokpujie^2,3,*, Olufunmilayo O. Joseph¹, Sunday O. Oyedepo¹, Oluwasegun Falodun⁴, Lagouge K. Tartibu³, Firdaussi D. Shehu¹

1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun, Nigeria
2 Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, AFE Babalola University, Ado, Ekiti, Nigeria
3 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
4 School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

* Corresponding Authors: Joseph O. Dirisu. Email: ; Imhade P. Okokpujie. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Eco-Friendly Waste-Base Materials for Pollution Control Sustainable Technologies)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2024, 12(3), 485-511. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2024.045188

Received 20 August 2023; Accepted 20 October 2023; Issue published 11 April 2024

Abstract

Research into converting waste into viable eco-friendly products has gained global concern. Using natural fibres and pulverized metallic waste becomes necessary to reduce noxious environmental emissions due to indiscriminately occupying the land. This study reviews the literature in the broad area of green composites in search of materials that can be used in automotive brake pads. Materials made by biocomposite, rather than fossil fuels, will be favoured. A database containing the tribo-mechanical performance of numerous potential components for the future green composite was established using the technical details of bio-polymers and natural reinforcements. The development of materials with diverse compositions and varying proportions is now conceivable, and these materials can be permanently connected in fully regulated processes. This explanation demonstrates that all of these variables affect friction coefficient, resistance to wear from friction and high temperatures, and the operating life of brake pads to varying degrees. In this study, renewable materials for the matrix and reinforcement are screened to determine which have sufficient strength, coefficient of friction, wear resistance properties, and reasonable costs, making them a feasible option for a green composite. The most significant, intriguing, and unusual materials used in manufacturing brake pads are gathered in this review, which also analyzes how they affect the tribological characteristics of the pads.

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