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Hamed Younesi-Kordkheili^1,*, Antonio Pizzi^2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2075-2083, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026706 - 13 February 2023
Abstract The influence of nanolignin coupling bio-agent on some characteristics of polypropylene-wood flour composites was studied. Thus, nanolignin was prepared by the acidic method, and then different ratios of it (0, 1, 3 and 5 wt%) were added to a polypropylene-wood flour mixture. After mechanically mixing wood flour, nanolignin, and polypropylene, the mixture was injection molded. ASTM methods were used to measure the structural properties of nanolignin, and prepared composites’ water absorption, thickness swelling, bending modulus, and bending, tensile and impact strengths. Transforming the original lignin to nanolignin did not change the chemical bonds of the More >

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Xing Zhou^1,2,5,6,*, Qi Wang¹, Sai Feng¹, Jingrui Deng¹, Keming Zhu¹, Yun Xing^1,3, Xiaolian Meng³, Xiaojun Wang⁴, Lu Li^5,6
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2085-2108, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025032 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Greenhouse gas emissions from waste plastics have caused global warming all over the world, which has been a central threat to the ecological environment for humans, flora and fauna. Among waste plastics, waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is attractive due to its excellent stability and degradation-resistant. Therefore, merging China’s carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals would be beneficial. In this review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art of carbon emission decrease from a multi-scale perspective technologically. We suggest that the carbon peak for waste PET can be achieved by employing the closed-loop supply chain, including recycling, biomass More >

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Ruaa H. Abbas¹, A. Kadhim^1,*, Azhar M. Haleem²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2109-2123, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025112 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Insights on Nanomaterials for Energy, Environmental and Agricultural Applications)
Abstract Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) were synthesised with laser ablation of a copper sheet immersed in deionized water (DW), cetrimonium bromide (CTAB), and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), respectively. The target was irradiated with a pulsed Nd: YAG laser at 1064 nm, 600 mJ, a pulse duration of 10 ns, and a repetition rate of 5 Hz. The CuO NPs colloidal were analyzed using UV–Vis spectroscopy, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, zeta potential (ZP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The absorption spectra of CuO NPs colloidal… More >

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Yiwen Zhang¹, Jianjun Xie^1,*, Minghui Sun¹, Shaolong Wang¹, Tengfei Xu^2,3, Yonggen Xu^2,3, Xiaoqing Ding^2,3, Ying Shi¹, Lei Zhang¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2125-2141, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025127 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Material from Agricultural Waste and By-Product and Its Applications)
Abstract Foam glass is a kind of green building material that is widely used because of its excellent thermal insulation and mechanical properties. In this study, the borosilicate foam glass was fabricated by powder sintering method using recycled soda lime waste glass, quartz, and borax as the primary raw materials. CaCO₃ was used as a foaming agent and Na₂CO₃ as a flux agent. Results showed that as the quartz content decreases from 30 to 17.5 wt.% and borax content increases from 5 to 17.5 wt.%, the pore size, porosity, and thermal insulation of borosilicate foam glass increase significantly, while… More >

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Wei Xu^1,2, Ottavia Corbi^3,*, Seithati Mapesela¹, Yue Chen^1,2, Milan Gaff^4,5, Haitao Li^1,2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2143-2169, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026773 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Wood is a green material in line with the sustainable development strategy. From the excellent performance of engineering wood products, modern wood structures represented by light wood structures have gained more development opportunities. As an indispensable part of light wood structure systems, the wood-frame shear wall plays a vital role in the bearing capacity and earthquake resistance of light wood structure systems. This paper is focused on a review of the lateral performance of wood-frame shear walls and classifies the influencing factors in relevant experimental research into three categories, including internal factors such as shear More >

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Saeed Kazemi Najafi¹, Farhood Najafi², Antonio Pizzi^3,*, Fatemeh Hassani Khorshidi^1,*, Rabi Behrooz¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2171-2189, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027835 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Polyols are groups of organic compounds which contain carbon and are randomly linked to other atoms, especially carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen. These compounds are mainly used as reactants to make other polymers. Among biopolymers, lignin is regarded as the base of a new polymer in polyol construction. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of amine type (diethylenetriamine and ethylenediamine) on the modification of lignin-based polyols, so as to provide an alternative to petroleum polyols and, in turn, increase functional groups and reduce their harm to humans’ health and the environment. To this aim, first,… More >

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Lingling Qin¹, Mengya Zhou¹, Jiahao Yan¹, Ping Duan^1,2,3,4,*, Yingcan Zhu^5,*, Wei Chen⁶, Zuhua Zhang⁷, Aiguo Wang²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2191-2208, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025197 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Montmorillonite and clinoptilolite zeolite were used as representative materials to prepare calcined clay-cement binary cementitious materials in order to study the effect of calcination treatment on the activation of clay minerals and the activity difference between layered and framed clays in this research. The influence of different calcined clay content (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%) on the fluidity, compressive strength, microstructure, phase change, and hydration heat of cement-based materials were analyzed. The calcined clay improves the fluidity of cement-based materials as compared with the uncalcined group. The addition of calcined montmorillonite (CMT) improves the development… More >

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Junzhen Di, Xueying Sun^*, Siyi Zhang, Yanrong Dong, Bofu Yuan
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2209-2232, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025241 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Porous Materials for Sustainable Development)
Abstract To address the serious pollution of heavy metals in AMD, the difficulty and the high cost of treatment, Fe₃O₄-L was prepared by the chemical co-precipitation method. Based on the single-factor and RSM, the effects of particle size, total Fe concentration, the molar ratio of Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺ and water bath temperature on the removal of AMD by Fe₃O₄-L prepared by chemical co-precipitation method were analyzed. Static adsorption experiments were conducted on Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Pb²⁺ using Fe₃O₄-L prepared under optimal conditions as adsorbents. The adsorption properties and mechanisms were analyzed by combining SEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR for characterization. The… More >

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Penghui Li^1,2, Zhengwei Jiang², Chi Yang², Jianpeng Ren^1,2, Bo Jiang^1,2, Wenjuan Wu^1,2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2233-2248, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025279 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Catalysis toward the Production of Green Energy and Chemicals)
Abstract Lignin is a natural polymer, second only to cellulose in natural reserves. Degradation is one of the ways to achieve the high-value transformation of lignin. Deep eutectic solvent (DES) thermal degradation of lignin can be used as an excellent green degradation method. This paper introduces the degradation mechanism and effect of the lactic acid-choline chloride DES system in dissolving and degrading alkaline lignin, and the final solvent recovery. It can also be found from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images that the surface of the degraded solid product is transformed from smooth to disordered. Fourier… More >

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Abdellah Asbayou^*, Ahmed Ihlal, Ismail Isknan, Ahmed Soussi, Lahoussine Bouhouch
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2249-2264, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025456 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Experiments of soiling effects on the performances of a PV panel have been performed using dust collected from two sites in the region of Agadir-Morocco. The optical transmittance of the front glass was found to depend on the nature and density of dust. The nature of dust was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. It was found that the granulometry of dust particles depends on the study area. For a dust density of around 20 g/m², the maximum power Pmax of the solar panel decreases drastically from 30 to More >

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Wei Xiong^1,2, Dagang Li^1,*, Peixing Wei², Lin Wang², Qian Feng¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2265-2278, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025483 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advanced Wood Composites from Renewable Materials)
Abstract Poplar wood, which was used as the absorption material for the solar-driven interfacial evaporation, was treated for 3 days, 6 days and 9 days with the pectinase, and then was simulated for photothermal evaporation test at one standard solar radiation intensity (1 kW⋅m⁻²). The effects of pectinase treatment on cell passage and water migration capacity of poplars were analyzed by the mercury intrusion porosimetry, the scanning electron microscope and fractal theory. It was found that the pit membrane and the ray parenchyma cells of poplar wood were degraded and destroyed after pectinase treatment. Compared with the untreated More >

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578

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Nina Graupner^1,*, Thiprada Poonsawat², Koranat Narkpiban^3,4, Jörg Müssig¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2279-2300, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025529 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Natural Fibre Composites: Design, Materials Selection and Fabrication)
Abstract Thailand has a huge variability of bast fiber plants, some of which have been little researched regarding their applicability in composites. Bast fiber(bundle)s from different species were investigated and incorporated into a polylactide (PLA) matrix by injection molding. Hemp and kenaf were used as well-studied fibers, while roselle, Fryxell and paper mulberry are less extensively characterized. Tensile strength, tensile modulus and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of single fiber(bundle)s were highest for hemp, followed by kenaf, roselle, Fryxell and paper mulberry. Despite the lower tensile strength and IFSS of paper mulberry, the highest tensile strength was… More >

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Xue Huang^1,*, Zeyu Chen¹, Ruizhao Yang¹, Guangzhu Feng²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2301-2319, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025888 - 13 February 2023
Abstract 1,3-Dioleoyl-2-palmitoylglycerol (OPO) has been a hotspot of functional oils research in recent years, but due to the high cost of sn-1,3 specific lipase in enzymatic synthesis and the lack of biocatalyst stability, large-scale industrial application is difficult. In this study, the prepared magnetic ZnFe₂O₄ was functionalized with dopamine to obtain ZnFe₂O₄@PDA, and the nano-biocatalyst ZnFe₂O₄@PDA@RML was prepared by immobilizing sn-1,3 specific lipase of Rhizomucor miehei lipase (RML) via a cross-linking method. The existence of RML on ZnFe₂O₄@PDA was confirmed by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. This strategy proved to be simple and effective because the lipase immobilized on… More >

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Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh¹, Nor Azman Kasan^2,*, Hidayah Manan², Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir^1,3, Fareza Hanis Mohd Yunos¹, Sofiah Hamzah¹, Ahmad Jusoh^1,2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2321-2332, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026086 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Implementation of biofloc technology (BFT) system in aquaculture industry shows high productivity, low feed conversion ratio, and an optimum culture environment. This study was divided into two phases. The first phase involved maintaining the water quality using the optimum carbon-to-nitrogen ratio by manipulating pH in culture water. The second phase examined the performance of harvesting biofloc (remaining phytoplankton and suspended solids in the system) using chicken eggshell powder (CESP). This study showed that pH 7 to 8 were the best biofloc performance with high removal percentage of ammonia (>99%) with a remaining ammonia concentration of… More >

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Xingyu Liang¹, Xiaoyu Gu¹, Myint Myint Paing Hsu², Yuhang He¹, Rongzhuo Zhang¹, Conghui Cai³, Zheng Wang^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2333-2344, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026137 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract In order to improve the fire resistance, water resistance and wear resistance of ordinary plywood products in the wood processing industry, three composite structures of plywood products S1, S2 and S3 were designed in this paper, and a reasonable production process was proposed. Through the physical and mechanical properties and fire resistance testing and technical and economic analysis, the applicability of composite plywood was evaluated. The results of the study showed that the physical mechanics of the three kinds of composite structure plywood met the standard requirements, and their fire resistance was far better than… More >

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Soumaya Zormati, Fadhel Aloulou^*, Habib Sammouda
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2345-2365, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026170 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Nanocelluloses: Sources, Isolation, and Their Utilization)
Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of using surfactant (CTAB) and cellulose nanofibers (NFC) as an admixture in cement mortars. We examined composite properties as porosity, compression energy, thermal conductivity and hydration. The results showed that with the addition of 0.7% by weight of NFC per emulsion in the presence of a cationic surfactant (CTAB). The new material produced presented a dry porosity between 4.7% and 4.4%, compressive strength between 9.8 and 22.9 MPa, and thermal conductivity between 0.95 and 2.25 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹. Thus we show better mechanical and thermal performance than that

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Jiulong Wang¹, Yanqing Gao², Xiaoping Rao³, Zongde Wang¹, Shibin Shang⁴, Zhanqian Song⁴, Hongyan Si^1,*, Shengliang Liao^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2367-2379, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026333 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Material from Agricultural Waste and By-Product and Its Applications)
Abstract The preparation of bioactive derivatives from the renewable natural product pinene is a hot research topic in the deep processing and utilization of pinene. In this study, β-pinene was used to develop novel molecules as a promising new precursor of insecticide. A series of amide-containing derivatives of β-pinene were synthesized and characterized. The insecticidal activities of these derivatives against Mythimna separate and Semiaphis heraclei were tested. The structure characterization results showed that the characterization data of amide-containing derivatives were in full agreement with their proposed structures. The insecticidal activities evaluation results indicated that amide-containing derivatives exhibited weak insecticidal… More >

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N. A. Maidin^1,2, S. M. Sapuan^1,*, M. T. Mastura², M. Y. M. Zuhri¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2381-2397, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026549 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Natural Fibre Composites: Design, Materials Selection and Fabrication)
Abstract Natural fibre reinforced polymer composite (NFRPC) materials are gaining popularity in the modern world due to their eco-friendliness, lightweight nature, life-cycle superiority, biodegradability, low cost, and noble mechanical properties. Due to the wide variety of materials available that have comparable attributes and satisfy the requirements of the product design specification, material selection has become a crucial component of design for engineers. This paper discusses the study’s findings in choosing the suitable thermoplastic matrices of Natural Fibre Composites for Cyclist Helmet utilising the DMAIC, and GRA approaches. The results are based on integrating two decision methods More >

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Xiaoqian Bi¹, Pengfei Guan¹, Ping Li^2,*, Yuan Zhang¹, Xingong Li¹, Yingfeng Zuo^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2399-2415, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026656 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Sodium silicate modification can improve the overall performance of wood. The modification process has a great influence on the properties of modified wood. In this study, a new method was introduced to analyze the wood modification process, and the properties of modified wood were studied. Poplar wood was modified with sodium silicate by vacuum-pressure impregnation. After screening using single-factor experiments, an orthogonal experiment was carried out with solution concentration, impregnation time, impregnation pressure, and the cycle times as experimental factors. The modified poplar with the best properties was selected by fuzzy mathematics and characterized by… More >

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Yunfeng Li^1,#, Cheng Zhao^2,#, Qianqian Lu^2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2417-2431, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025443 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Sustainable Concrete with Recyclable Materials)
Abstract The control of carbon emissions and energy conservation, and environmental protection are hot spots of global concern. In this paper, phase change paraffin wax is applied to porous materials for adsorption and storage, and nature’s eco-friendly materials are selected as the porous matrix to propose an eco-friendly phase change concrete using eco-friendly materials as raw materials. It was obtained that the strength of the phase change concrete utilizing environmentally friendly materials was 25.4% to 36.8% lower than that of ordinary concrete, while some of the phase change light aggregates were found to produce slip damage More >

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Mohammed Albuaymi¹, Suleiman Abdulrahman^2,3, Fayez Alanazi⁴, Hani Alanazi^1,*, Musa Adamu^5,6
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2433-2451, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026751 - 13 February 2023
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Current Advances in Green Nanomaterials Applications)
Abstract Pure bitumen is not suitable for heavy traffic loads; hence modifiers are used to improve the bitumen performance. Recently, cup lump rubber (CLR) has become a preferred modifier due to its outstanding performance and less cost. However, little is known about the interactions between CLR and bitumen. Thus, this study investigates the behavior of bitumen with CLR. Four percentages of CLR (2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0% by weight of bitumen) were used to modify conventional 60/70 penetration grade bitumen. The modified bitumen was evaluated through different laboratory testing such as dynamic shear rheometer, rotational viscosity,… More >

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Guodong Zeng¹, Chao Li^1,*, Yang Fang¹, Hongming Huang^1,2, Hao Li^1,3, Yishen Xu¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2453-2467, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025871 - 13 February 2023
Abstract For evaluating the water stability of hot-mixed renewable asphalt mixture (HRM), the traditional methods are all tested under still water conditions. Except for damage in still water conditions, the hydrodynamic pore pressure generated by the tire driving on the surface water has a great impact. Thus, the RAP contents of the HRMs were designed at 0%, 30%, 45% and 60% with AC-25 gradation. Then, the self-designed evaluation methods of water stability and dynamic modulus were studied. Finally, the mechanism of the influence of hydrodynamic pore pressure damage on HRMs was studied. The results show that… More >

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Zhenguo Wang, Lenan Wang, Yejing Meng^*, Yong Wen, Jianzhong Pei
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2469-2489, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025497 - 13 February 2023
Abstract In the field of roads, due to the effect of vehicle loads, piezoelectric materials under the road surface can convert mechanical vibration into electrical energy, which can be further used in road facilities such as traffic signals and street lamps. The barium titanate/polyvinylidene fluoride (BaTiO₃/PVDF) composite, the most common hybrid ceramic-polymer system, was widely used in various fields because the composite combines the good dielectric property of ceramic materials with the good flexibility of PVDF material. Previous studies have found that conductive particles can further improve the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of other composites. However, few… More >

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Yafei Hu^1,2, Keqing Li^1,2, Lujing Zheng³, Bin Han^1,2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2491-2511, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025129 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Tailings known as solid waste are generated by the mining industry. The development of tailings as wet shotcrete aggregates has significant economic and environmental benefits. The fine particle size of the tailings results in a large consumption of traditional cement as a cementitious material and insignificant improvement in strength. Therefore, a composite cementitious system of cement and solid waste resources (fly ash and slag powder) is explored for this study. In this paper, the response surface methodology (RSM) is used to optimize the experimental design and a multivariate nonlinear response model with cement, fly ash… More >

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Wei Zhang¹, Mulian Zheng^1,*, Yifeng Li², Wuxi Zheng³
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2513-2529, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025275 - 13 February 2023
Abstract Steel slag is characterized by high strength, good wear resistance and micro-expansion. This study aims at exploring the potential of steel slag in cement stabilized aggregates, mainly including mechanical properties, shrinkage and compensation mechanisms. For this purpose, the compressive strength and compressive resilient modulus of cement stabilized aggregates with different steel slag contents (CSMS) were initially investigated. Subsequently, the effects of steel slag and cement on dry shrinkage, temperature shrinkage, and total shrinkage were analyzed through a series of shrinkage test designs. Additionally, in combination with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM), the… More >

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