Open Access

ARTICLE

Biomass Carbon Improves the Adsorption Performance of Gangue-Based Ceramsites: Adsorption Kinetics and Mechanism Analysis

Haodong Li¹, Huiling Du^1,*, Le Kang¹, Yewen Zhang¹, Tong Lu¹, Yuchan Zhang¹, Lan Yang², Shijie Song²

1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054, China
2 Shccig Yulin Chemical Co., Ltd., Management Committee of Yushen Industrial Zone, Yulin, China

* Corresponding Author: Huiling Du. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Eco-Friendly Waste-Base Materials for Pollution Control Sustainable Technologies)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2023, 11(12), 4161-4174. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2023.028877

Received 12 January 2023; Accepted 15 March 2023; Issue published 10 November 2023

Abstract

The large accumulation of coal gangue, a common industrial solid waste, causes severe environmental problems, and green development strategies are required to transform this waste into high-value-added products. In this study, low-cost ceramsites adsorbents were prepared from waste gangue, silt coal, and peanut shells and applied to remove the organic dye methylene blue from wastewater. We investigated the microstructure of ceramsites and the effects of the sintering atmosphere, sintering temperature, and solution pH on their adsorption performance. The ceramsites sintered at 800°C under a nitrogen atmosphere exhibited the largest three-dimensional-interconnected hierarchical porous structure among the prepared ceramsites; further, it exhibited the highest methylene blue adsorption performance, with an adsorption capacity of 0.954 mg·g⁻¹ , adsorption efficiency of over 95%, and adsorption equilibrium time of 1 h at a solution pH of 9. The removal efficiency remained greater than 75% after five adsorption cycles. The adsorption kinetics data were analyzed using various models, including the pseudosecond-order kinetic model and Langmuir equation, and the adsorption was attributed to electrostatic interactions between the dyes and ceramsites, n-interactions, and hydrogen bonds. The prepared coal gangue ceramsites exhibited excellent adsorption capacities, removal rates, and cyclic stabilities, demonstrating their promising application prospects for the comprehensive utilization of solid waste and for wastewater treatment.

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