Open Access
ARTICLE
Characterization of Nanocomposite Membrane Based Bacterial Cellulose Made of Pineapple Waste Reinforced by Graphite Nanoplatelets
Heru Suryanto1,2,*, Bili Darnanto Susilo3, Jibril Maulana3, Aminnudin3, Uun Yanuhar4, Surjani Wonorahardjo2,5, Husni Wahyu Wijaya2,5, Abu Saad Ansari6
1
Center of Excellence for Cellulose Composite (CECCom), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang,
Malang, 65145, Indonesia
2
Centre of Advanced Material for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
3
Master Program of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
4
Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University,
Malang, 65145, Indonesia
5
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
6
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 464-742, South Korea
* Corresponding Author: Heru Suryanto. Email:
Journal of Renewable Materials 2022, 10(9), 2455-2465. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.020478
Received 25 November 2021; Accepted 25 February 2022; Issue published 30 May 2022
Abstract
Waste is the main problem for the environment. Handling waste for various useful applications has a benefit for
the future. This work has been studied for handling pineapple peel waste to make composite film bacterial cellulose nanocomposite membrane (BCNM) with addition graphite nanoplatelet (GNP). The concentration of GNP
in the membrane influence the membrane properties. The bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicle was synthesized by
using media from pineapple peel waste extract. BC pellicle is cleaned with water and NaOH solution to be free
from impactors. BCNM is synthesized through the mechanical disintegration stage. The results of disintegration
using high pressure homogenizer at 150 bar and five cycles. BCNM/GNP is synthesized with varying addition of
GNP of 2.5, 5.0, 10 and 100 wt% of dry bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). The BC and GNP solution were dried in an
oven for 14 h at 80°C. BCNM morphology was observed using SEM. GNP is dispersed and distributed in the BC
matrix as reinforcement. FTIR analysis shows many peaks of BNC less pronounced with increasing of GNP. The
higher concentration of GNP, the rougher of BCNM. The optimum tensile strength of BCNM was achieved after
addition GNP of 2.5 wt%.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Cite This Article
APA Style
Suryanto, H., Susilo, B.D., Maulana, J., Aminnudin, , Yanuhar, U. et al. (2022). Characterization of nanocomposite membrane based bacterial cellulose made of pineapple waste reinforced by graphite nanoplatelets. Journal of Renewable Materials, 10(9), 2455-2465. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.020478
Vancouver Style
Suryanto H, Susilo BD, Maulana J, Aminnudin , Yanuhar U, Wonorahardjo S, et al. Characterization of nanocomposite membrane based bacterial cellulose made of pineapple waste reinforced by graphite nanoplatelets. J Renew Mater. 2022;10(9):2455-2465 https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.020478
IEEE Style
H. Suryanto et al., "Characterization of Nanocomposite Membrane Based Bacterial Cellulose Made of Pineapple Waste Reinforced by Graphite Nanoplatelets," J. Renew. Mater., vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 2455-2465. 2022. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.020478