Open Access

ARTICLE

Effects of Planting Density of Rubber Tree Clone (RRIM 2020 Clone and RRIM 2025 Clone) Wood to Particleboard Properties

Juliana Abdul Halip^1,2, Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al-Edrus^1,*, Seng Hua Lee^1,*, Paridah Md Tahir¹, Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus³, Mohd Sapuan Salit¹, Ahmad Ilyas Rushdan^4,5

1 Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, 43400, Malaysia
2 Faculty of Technology Management and Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, 86400, Malaysia
3 Department of Wood Industry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Bandar Tun Abdul Razak, Jengka, Pahang, 26400, Malaysia
4 School of Chemical and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
5 Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia

* Corresponding Authors: Syeed SaifulAzry Osman Al-Edrus. Email: ; Seng Hua Lee. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Material from Agricultural Waste and By-Product and Its Applications)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2022, 10(7), 1951-1960. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.016025

Received 01 February 2021; Accepted 27 November 2021; Issue published 07 March 2022

Abstract

The depletion of log resources encourages research into alternative ways to sustain the wood supply. Therefore, the 4-year-old Rubber Research Institute of Malaysia (RRIM) clones series, RRIM 2020 and RRIM 2025, were chosen as potential raw materials for particleboard in this study. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of planting density and rubber tree clones on the mechanical and physical properties of single-layer particleboard. The planting densities used were low, moderate-low, moderate-high, and high, representing 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 trees/ha, respectively. Prior to manufacturing, the RRIM 2000 series clone trees were harvested, cut, chipped, flaked, and screened. The mechanical and physical properties were evaluated in accordance with the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS A 5908-2003). The findings revealed that both planting density and clone had a signifi- cant impact on the mechanical and physical properties of particleboard with a thickness of 10 mm and a density of 700 kg/m³ . RRIM 2020 specimens with low planting density had superior modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and internal bonding (IB) values of 2415, 19, and 1.7 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, moderate-low planting density demonstrated the lowest thickness swelling (TS) and water absorption (WA) values and was comparable to control particleboard from commercial clone Prang Besar (PB), PB260. In terms of rubber clones, RRIM 2020 particleboard met the minimum requirements of the JIS standard for mechanical properties and outperformed RRIM 2025. This study recommended a low planting density of 500 trees/ha and the RRIM 2020 clone as a suitable raw material for particleboard manufacturing with a ten percent urea formaldehyde resin content.

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