Open Access

ARTICLE

The Interaction Effects of the Parameters on Optimization Design in Paper Production Waste Usage on Alkali-Activated Slag with Taguchi Method

Teng Yi^1,*, Shuenn-Ren Liou¹, Wen-Yih Kuo^1,2

1 National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70100, Taiwan
2 Lotos, Tainan, 70255, Taiwan

* Corresponding Author: Teng Yi. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recycled Concrete Towards a Sustainable Society)

Journal of Renewable Materials 2022, 10(6), 1753-1772. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2022.018587

Received 04 August 2021; Accepted 01 October 2021; Issue published 20 January 2022

Abstract

The paper investigates the second-order interactions of parameters in an alkali-activated mixture of paper production waste (PPW) and blast furnace slag (BFS) in Taguchi method. The PPW including lime mud (LM) and paper sludge (PS). This paper provides the experimental models to assess the compressive and flexural strength of them at 7-day and 28-day. The results have shown that the second-order interactions between PPW and alkali-activated activator exists in each experimental model, and the significant interactions affect the selection of optimal compositions. Compared with the interactions between the PPW themselves, the interactions between PPW and alkali-activated parameters are the main significant factors affecting its physical properties. In each experimental model, the maximum compressive strength was 47.41 MPa in 7-day and 65.64 MPa in 28-day. Compared with the confirmatory experiments, the deviation of prediction calculated by experimental models was 3.08% and 0.56%, respectively. The maximum flexural strength was 5.74 MPa in 7-day and 5.96 MPa in 28-day; compared with the confirmatory experiments, the deviation of prediction calculated by experimental models was 5.40% and 0.17%. Considering the influence of circular materials, 30% of PPW should be a suitable ratio to replace BFS as the raw material of alkali-activated slag (AAS).

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Keywords

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