The necessity for renewable resources-based polymers, nanomaterials and nanocomposites with high performance is inevitable and increasing steadily over the last three decades or so due to ever increasing world population and comfort in human life in one hand, and depletion of fossil fuel reserves, global warming and environmental rules and regulations on other hand. Thus the scientists and researchers have tried to exploit the naturally renewable resources as the feed stocks for the development of their desired products. In the current state-of-art, bio-based such products are growing tremendously because of their promising and advantageous attributes over their conventional non-renewable resource-based analogs. So, the editor intended for the original research and review articles in the field of polymers and nanomaterials as well as their combinations, obtained from renewable resources, in this special issue.