Open Access
ARTICLE
Optimization of Mortar Compressive Strength Prepared with Waste Glass Aggregate and Coir Fiber Addition Using Response Surface Methodology
Cut Rahmawati1,2,*, Lia Handayani3, Muhtadin4, Muhammad Faisal4, Muhammad Zardi1, S. M. Sapuan5, Agung Efriyo Hadi6, Jawad Ahmad7, Haytham F. Isleem8
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, 23372, Indonesia
2
Advanced Engineering Materials and Nano Technology Research Center, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, 23372, Indonesia
3
Faculty of Fisheries, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, 23372, Indonesia
4
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Abulyatama, Aceh Besar, 23372, Indonesia
5
Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Center (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing
Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
6
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Malahayati, Lampung, 35153, Indonesia
7
Department of Civil Engineering, Millitary College of Engineering, Risalpur, 24080, Pakistan
8
Department of Construction Management, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, China
* Corresponding Author: Cut Rahmawati. Email:
(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Sustainable Concrete with Recyclable Materials)
Journal of Renewable Materials 2023, 11(10), 3751-3767. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2023.028987
Received 21 January 2023; Accepted 24 March 2023; Issue published 10 August 2023
Abstract
Waste Glass (WGs) and Coir Fiber (CF) are not widely utilized, even though their silica and cellulose content can
be used to create construction materials. This study aimed to optimize mortar compressive strength using
Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to determine the optimization of WGs and CF addition to the mortar compressive strength. Compressive strength and microstructure
testing with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-Ray
Diffraction (XRD) were conducted to specify the mechanical ability and bonding between the matrix, CF, and
WGs. The results showed that the chemical treatment of CF produced 49.15% cellulose, with an average particle
size of 1521 µm. The regression of a second-order polynomial model yielded an optimum composition consisting
of 12.776% WGs and 2.344% CF with a predicted compressive strength of 19.1023 MPa. C–S–H gels were identified in the mortars due to the dissolving of SiO2 in WGs and cement. The silica from WGs increased the C–S–H
phase. CF plays a role in preventing, bridging, and branching micro-cracks before reaching maximum stress. WGs
aggregates and chemically treated CF are suitable to be composited in mortar to increase compressive strength.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Cite This Article
Rahmawati, C., Handayani, L., , M., Faisal, M., Zardi, M. et al. (2023). Optimization of Mortar Compressive Strength Prepared with Waste Glass Aggregate and Coir Fiber Addition Using Response Surface Methodology.
Journal of Renewable Materials, 11(10), 3751–3767. https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2023.028987