Open Access
ARTICLE
Prabu Satria Sejati1,2, Adrien Magne1, Luke Froment1, Jennifer Afrim1, Alexandre Maenhaut3, Julie Maillet3, Firmin Obounou Akong1,*, Frédéric Fradet3, Philippe Gérardin1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056813
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Functional Materials)
Abstract Bio-based thermoplastic film from flax fiber and fatty acid (FA) was obtained using trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) as an impelling agent. Different quantities of TFAA/FA, size of flax fiber, and fatty acids were applied to investigate chemical structure in relation to the mechanical properties. Decreasing the quantity of TFAA/FA by almost half from 1:4 to 1:2.5 (flax to TFAA/FA) only reduces by 22% the weight percent gain (WPG) and ester content and reducing flax fiber size slightly increases the WPG and ester content. All the treatments showed significant chemical structure modification, observed by FTIR and solid… More >
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Open Access
REVIEW
Sachin Ghalme1,*, Mohammad Hayat2, Mahesh Harne3
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056275
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Materials and Advanced Technologies for Sustainability)
Abstract With growing concerns for global warming and environmental issues, the research community has contributed significantly to green technology in the area of material science through the development of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPC). Polymers serve as the matrix in NFRPC, while natural fibers serve as the reinforcing materials. Demand for high-performing materials made with natural resources is growing continuously. Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites are sustainable biocomposites fabricated with natural fibers embedded with a polymer matrix. They offer a wide range of advantages, including a low weight-to-strength ratio, high flexural strength, damping properties, and resistance to… More >
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Open Access
REVIEW
Hebat-Allah S. Tohamy*, Mohamed El-Sakhawy, Samir Kamel
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.058603
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Advances in Biochar and Carbon-Based Materials Characteristics and Environment Applications)
Abstract Lignocellulosic materials (LCMs), abundant biomass residues, pose significant environmental challenges when improperly disposed of. LCMs, such as sugarcane bagasse, rice straw, saw dust and agricultural residues, are abundant but often burned, contributing to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. This review explores the potential of transforming these materials into high-value carbon nanomaterials (CNMs). We explore the potential of transforming these materials into high-value CNMs. By employing techniques like carbonization and activation, LCMs can be converted into various CNMs, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (G), graphene oxide (GO), carbon quantum dots (CQDs), nanodiamonds (NDs), fullerenes (F),… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Aiga Ivdre*, Ralfs Pomilovskis, Arnis Abolins
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056820
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Biorefinery Technologies and Products – 2024)
Abstract Studies on the use of renewable materials for various applications, including polymers, have gained momentum due to global climate change and the push towards a circular economy. In this study, polymer resins were developed through Michael 1,4-addition. The precursors were synthesized from tall oil-based acetoacetates derived from epoxidized tall oil fatty acids or their methyl esters. Two different epoxidation methods were employed: enzymatic epoxidation of tall oil fatty acids and ion-exchange resin epoxidation of tall oil fatty acid methyl esters. Following oxirane opening and transesterification with trimethylolpropane, further esterification or transesterification was carried out to… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Maris Lauberts1,*, Janis Rizikovs1, Matiss Pals1, Karl Pebo2
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056815
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Biorefinery Technologies and Products – 2024)
Abstract Research-based on lignin as a bioproduct has grown due to its high availability, reactivity, physicochemical stability, and abundance of different aromatic units. Lignin consists of various functional groups, which can react in various chemical reactions and serve as a raw material in various processes to obtain multiple products. These characteristics make lignin suitable for synthesizing products from natural raw materials, replacing fossil ones. Due to a high aromatic variety and complex structural arrangement, lignin isolation and fractionation are still challenging. The aim and novelty of this work was the modification of severity and enzymatic hydrolysis… More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Mohamad Firdaus Omar1, Fathilah Ali1,*, Mohammed Saedi Jami1, Azlin Suhaida Azmi1, Farah Ahmad1, Mohd Zahid Marzuki2, Shantha Kumari Muniyandi3, Zuraidah Zainudin4, Minsoo P. Kim5
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.057248
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Advances on Renewable Materials)
Abstract This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural rubber (NR) composites, focusing on their properties, compounding aspects, and renewable practices involving natural fibre reinforcement. The properties of NR are influenced by the compounding process, which incorporates ingredients such as elastomers, vulcanizing agents, accelerators, activators, and fillers like carbon black and silica. While effective in enhancing properties, these fillers lack biodegradability, prompting the exploration of sustainable alternatives. The potential of natural fibres as renewable reinforcements in NR composites is thoroughly covered in this review, highlighting both their advantages, such as improved sustainability, and the challenges they More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Ahmed M. Khalil1, Samir Kamel2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.057419
Abstract Developing favorable bio-based polymers that replace petroleum-based plastics is an essential environmental demand. Lignin is a by-product of the chemical pulping industry. It is a natural UV protection ingredient in broad-spectrum (UVA and UVB) sunscreens. It could be partially and selectively acetylated in a simple, fast, and more reliable process. In this work, a composite film was prepared with UV-resistant properties through a casting method. Bio-based cellulose acetate (CA) was employed as a major matrix while nano-acetylated kraft lignin (AL-NPs) was used as filler during synthesizing UV-shielding films loaded with various amounts (1–5 wt.%) of… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Zakaria Laggoun1,*, Amel Khalfaoui1, Kerroum Derbal2,*, Amira Fadia Ghomrani3, Abderrezzaq Benalia2,4, Antonio Pizzi5
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056970
Abstract This research aims to study the bio-adsorption process of two dyes, Cibacron Green H3G (CG-H3G) and Terasil Red (TR), in a single system and to bring them closer to the industrial textile discharge by a binary mixture of two dyes (TR+CG-H3G). The Cockle Shell (CS) was used as a natural bio-adsorbent. The characterizations of CS were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The adsorption potential of Cockle Shells was tested in two cases (single and binary system) and determined by: contact… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Desy Nurliasari1, Awaly Ilham Dewantoro1, Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis2,3, Roni Kastaman1,4,*, Mohamad Djali3,5, Efri Mardawati1,3, Devi Maulida Rahmah1,3, Siti Nurhasanah3,5, Akbar Hanif Dawam Abdullah2,3, Lukmanul Hakim Zaini6,7,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056475
Abstract Konjac is an ideal candidate for edible coatings on fruits due to its hydrophilic properties, film-forming ability, barrier properties, safety, and biodegradability. Meanwhile, the high market demand for strawberries necessitates post-harvest treatment to extend their shelf life and preserve their quality, as strawberries are known for their fragile skin and soft texture. To fully utilize konjac and develop high-quality coating films, native konjac flour (NKF) and konjac glucomannan (KGM) were extracted from its corm and used as a coating film for strawberries in the present study. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the physical properties… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Martin Böhm*, Miloš Jerman, Martin Keppert, Klára Kobetičová, Dana Koňáková, Milena Pavlíková, Robert Černý
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056984
Abstract The effect of using 2% and 10% sodium hydroxide solution as surface treatment of rape straw on its water vapor adsorption properties is analyzed in the relative humidity (RH) range of 0% to 98%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to investigate the morphological, chemical and structural changes of the treated straw surface. The mineral particles formed on the surface after the treatment are analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The application of sodium hydroxide solution results in the disruption of the straw surface. As the concentration More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Manisara Phiriyawirut*, Pukrapee Rodprasert, Peerapat Kulvorakulpitak, Ratiwan Cothsila, Nattarat Kengkla
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056830
Abstract This work explores the development of biodegradable laminar composite foams for cushioning applications. The focus lies on overcoming the inherent brittleness of starch foams by incorporating various paper types as reinforcement. Tapioca starch and glutinous starch were blended in varying ratios (100:0–0:100) to optimize the base material’s properties. The morphology, density, flexural strength, and impact strength of these starch blends were evaluated. The results revealed a trade-off between impact strength and density, with increasing glutinous starch content favoring impact resistance but also leading to higher density. The optimal ratio of tapioca to glutinous starch for… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Jinxing Li1, Mustafa Zor2, Xiaojian Zhou3, Guanben Du3, Denis Rodrigue4, Xiaodong (Alice) Wang1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056795
Abstract In this study, two series of foams based on tannic acid (TA), furfuryl alcohol (FA), soybean protein isolate (SPI), and casein (CA), namely TA–FA–SPI (TS series) and TA–FA–CA (TC series) were developed, and their properties were enhanced by adding poplar fibers (WF). From the samples produced, a complete set of characterization was performed including possible crosslinking reactions, morphology, mechanical properties, flame retardancy, thermal insulation and thermal stability. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed possible covalent crosslinking among the components and hydrogen bonding between WF and the matrix. Viscosity results indicated that lower prepolymer viscosity led to… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Daniela Godina1,*, Guntis Sosins1, Aigars Paze1, Janis Rizikovs1, Raimonds Makars1, Andreas Treu2
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056822
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Biorefinery Technologies and Products – 2024)
Abstract Instead of the traditional linear model of taking, making, and disposing, the circular bio-economy promotes a regenerative approach. Although there is potential to create valuable products like betulin, lupeol, and suberinic acids (SA) from outer birch bark, many industries, such as plywood and pulp, often choose to incinerate substantial amounts of leftover birch bark to meet their energy needs. This highlights the importance of obtaining valuable products from wood. The objective of this study was to examine various fractions of SA and assess their potential for wood impregnation. The fractions included SA potassium salts in… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Emma Kieny1,2,3, Kévin Candelier2,3,*, Louis Milhe1, Yannick Estevez4, Cyrielle Sophie4, Romain Lehnebach1, Jérémie Damay2,3, Daniela Florez1, Emeline Houël5, Marie-France Thévenon2,3, Julie Bossu4
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056731
Abstract The valorization of Amazonian wood residues into active chemical compounds could be an eco-friendly, cost-effective and valuable way to develop wood preservative formulations to enhance the decay and termite resistance of low-durable wood species. Wacapou (Vouacapoua americana., Fabaceae) is a well-known Guianese wood species commonly used in local wood construction due to its outstanding natural durability, which results from the presence of a large panel of extractives compounds. In addition, its industrial processing generates large amounts of residues. Wacapou residues were extracted by maceration using four different solvents (water/ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and dichloromethane/methanol), separately and… More >
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Open Access
REVIEW
Dan Wang, Jihuan Song, Qiyuan Wang, Chenmeng Cui, Ying Yang*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056644
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Advances on Renewable Materials)
Abstract Upgrading of abundant cellulosic biomass to isosorbide can reduce the dependence on limited fossil resources and provide a sustainable way to produce isosorbide, utilized for polymers, medicine and health care product synthesis. This review comprehensively examines the key steps and catalytic systems involved in the conversion of cellulose to isosorbide. Initially, the reaction pathway from cellulose to isosorbide is elucidated, emphasizing three critical steps: cellulose hydrolysis, glucose hydrogenation, and the two-step dehydration of sorbitol to produce isosorbide. Additionally, the activation energy and acidic sites during cellulose hydrolysis, the impact of metal particle size and catalyst More >
Open Access
REVIEW
Sara Mattiello, Carlo Santulli*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056251
Abstract Taking a widely contaminated yet abundant waste, such as poultry feathers, and extracting keratin from this structure appears to be a real challenge whenever the preservation of the secondary structure of the protein is desired. This process would allow exploiting it in ways (e.g., in the biomedical field) that are inspired by a structure that is primarily designed for flight, therefore capable specifically of withstanding flexure and lateral buckling, also with very low thicknesses. The preservation of the structure is based on disulfide crosslinks, and it is offered with preference by some chemical treatments, mainly… More >
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Toni Dwi Novianto1,2, Sri Rahayoe1,*, Bakti Berlyanto Sedayu2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.057313
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Polysaccharide-Based Composites: Preparation, Characterization, and Applications )
Abstract This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable packaging film from blends of two natural polysaccharides, i.e., agar and glucomannan. The glucomannan used was derived from the specific tuber plant Amorphophallus oncophyllus (locally known as “porang”), which grows abundantly in Indonesian forests and remains underutilized. Various ratios of agar and porang-glucomannan (PG) proportions were formulated to produce a food packaging film, which was subsequently tested for its mechanical, physical, chemical, and thermal properties. The results showed that the inclusion of PG to the film formulations notably enhanced the stretchability of agar films, achieving maximum a… More >
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