Open Access
ISSN:0199-8595(print)
ISSN:1546-0118(online)
Publication Frequency:Monthly
Energy Engineering is an open access peer-reviewed journal dedicating to engineering aspects of energy. It aims to invite researchers, engineers, scientists, technologist, planners, and policy makers to present their original research results and findings on all important energy topics. The topics considered include energy generation, conversion, conservation, utilization, storage, transmission, system, technologies, management, and sustainability. The studies of the impacts of energy use and energy policy are also welcomed.
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Open Access
REVIEW
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 823-859, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059309 - 07 March 2025
Abstract The literature on multi-attribute optimization for renewable energy source (RES) placement in deregulated power markets is extensive and diverse in methodology. This study focuses on the most relevant publications directly addressing the research problem at hand. Similarly, while the body of work on optimal location and sizing of renewable energy generators (REGs) in balanced distribution systems is substantial, only the most pertinent sources are cited, aligning closely with the study’s objective function. A comprehensive literature review reveals several key research areas: RES integration, RES-related optimization techniques, strategic placement of wind and solar generation, and RES… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 861-883, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060750 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Innovative Approaches in Clean Energy Systems: Integration, Sustainability, and Policy Impact of Renewable Energy)
Abstract Indoor air quality (IAQ) is often overlooked, yet a poorly maintained environment can lead to significant health issues and reduced concentration and productivity in work or educational settings. This study presents an innovative control system for mechanical ventilation specifically designed for university classrooms, with the dual goal of enhancing IAQ and increasing energy efficiency. Two classrooms with distinct construction characteristics were analyzed: one with exterior walls and windows, and the other completely underground. For each classroom, a model was developed using DesignBuilder software, which was calibrated with experimental data regarding CO₂ concentration, temperature, and relative… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 885-903, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061976 - 07 March 2025
Abstract Phase Change Material (PCM)-based cold energy storage system (CESS) can effectively utilize the peak and valley power resources to reduce the excessive dependence on the power grid. In this study, a PCM-based CESS was designed for cold storage applications. The optimal number of PCM plates was determined through numerical simulations to meet the required cold storage temperature and control time. Additionally, the air temperature field, flow field, and melting characteristics of the PCM plates during the cooling release process were analyzed. The effects of plate positioning and thickness on the cooling release performance were further… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 905-927, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.058916 - 07 March 2025
Abstract Electrical energy can be harvested from the rotational kinetic energy of moving bodies, consisting of both mechanical and kinetic energy as a potential power source through electromagnetic induction, similar to wind energy applications. In industries, rotational bodies are commonly present in operations, yet this kinetic energy remains untapped. This research explores the energy generation characteristics of two rotational body types, disk-shaped and cylinder-shaped under specific experimental setups. The hardware setup included a direct current (DC) motor driver, power supply, DC generator, mechanical support, and load resistance, while the software setup involved automation testing tools and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 929-941, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061612 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancements in Energy Resources, Processes, Systems, and Materials-(ICSSD2024))
Abstract Oxygenated fuels can reduce harmful emissions without affecting engine performance, meeting the big challenge in the transportation industry, which keeps the environment safe and reduces global warming. This study investigates the impact of biodiesel injection strategies and fuel injection pressures (FIP) on diesel engine exhaust emission characteristics. The engine is fuelled with 20% Jatropha biodiesel (JB) and 80% diesel, named JB20D. The ratios of fuel injection pressures started with injecting the fuel (diesel and JB20D) from 200 bar to 500 bar. The experimental outcomes indicate that the engine performance of brake-specific fuel consumption increased by More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 943-969, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060273 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Solar and Thermal Energy Systems)
Abstract Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is one of the most promising solar technologies for sustainable power generation in countries with high solar potential, like Chad. Identifying suitable sites is of great importance for deploying solar power plants. This work focuses on the identification of potential sites for the installation of solar power plants in Chad as well as a comparative analysis using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP), and Full Consistency Method (FUCOM). The results show that 35% of the Chadian territory, i.e., an area of 449,400 km2, is compatible with the implementation… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 971-983, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061834 - 07 March 2025
Abstract The proposal of carbon neutrality target makes decarbonization and hydrogenation typical features of future energy development in China. With a wide range of application scenarios, hydrogen energy will experience rapid growth in production and consumption. To formulate an effective hydrogen energy development strategy for the future of China, this study employs the departmental scenario analysis method to calculate and evaluate the future consumption of hydrogen energy in China’s heavy industry, transportation, electricity, and other related fields. Multi-dimensional technical parameters are selected and predicted accurately and reliably in combination with different development scenarios. The findings indicate… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 985-1003, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059559 - 07 March 2025
Abstract Considering the uncertainty of grid connection of electric vehicle charging stations and the uncertainty of new energy and residential electricity load, a spatio-temporal decoupling strategy of dynamic reactive power optimization based on clustering-local relaxation-correction is proposed. Firstly, the k-medoids clustering algorithm is used to divide the reduced power scene into periods. Then, the discrete variables and continuous variables are optimized in the same period of time. Finally, the number of input groups of parallel capacitor banks (CB) in multiple periods is fixed, and then the secondary static reactive power optimization correction is carried out by… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1005-1024, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059198 - 07 March 2025
Abstract Geothermal energy, a form of renewable energy, has been extensively utilized for building heating. However, there is a lack of detailed comparative studies on the use of shallow and medium-deep geothermal energy in building energy systems, which are essential for decision-making. Therefore, this paper presents a comparative study of the performance and economic analysis of shallow and medium-deep borehole heat exchanger heating systems. Based on the geological parameters of Xi’an, China and commonly used borehole heat exchanger structures, numerical simulation methods are employed to analyze performance and economic efficiency. The results indicate that increasing the… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1025-1051, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.057680 - 07 March 2025
Abstract This study uses numerical simulations of liquid cooling flow fields to investigate polymer exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) thermal control. The research shows that the optimum cooling channel design significantly reduces the fuel cell’s temperature differential, improving overall efficiency. Specifically, the simulations show a reduction in the maximum temperature by up to 15% compared to traditional designs. Additionally, according to analysis, the Nusselt number rises by 20% with the implementation of serpentine flow patterns, leading to enhanced heat transfer rates. The findings demonstrate that effective cooling strategies can lead to a 10% increase in fuel More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1053-1072, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060489 - 07 March 2025
Abstract Long-term petroleum production forecasting is essential for the effective development and management of oilfields. Due to its ability to extract complex patterns, deep learning has gained popularity for production forecasting. However, existing deep learning models frequently overlook the selective utilization of information from other production wells, resulting in suboptimal performance in long-term production forecasting across multiple wells. To achieve accurate long-term petroleum production forecast, we propose a spatial-geological perception graph convolutional neural network (SGP-GCN) that accounts for the temporal, spatial, and geological dependencies inherent in petroleum production. Utilizing the attention mechanism, the SGP-GCN effectively captures… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1073-1092, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060293 - 07 March 2025
Abstract In the context of advancing towards dual carbon goals, numerous factories are actively engaging in energy efficiency upgrades and transformations. To accurately pinpoint energy efficiency bottlenecks within factories and prioritize renovation sequences, it is crucial to conduct comprehensive evaluations of the energy performance across various workshops. Therefore, this paper proposes an evaluation model for workshop energy efficiency based on the drive-state-response (DSR) framework combined with the fuzzy BORDA method. Firstly, an in-depth analysis of the relationships between different energy efficiency indicators was conducted. Based on the DSR model, evaluation criteria were selected from three dimensions—drive… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1093-1112, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060349 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Innovative Approaches in Clean Energy Systems: Integration, Sustainability, and Policy Impact of Renewable Energy)
Abstract To enhance energy interaction among low-voltage stations (LVSs) and reduce the line loss of the distribution network, a novel operation mode of the micro-pumped storage system (mPSS) has been proposed based on the common reservoir. First, some operation modes of mPSS are analyzed, which include the separated reservoir mode (SRM) and common reservoir mode (CRM). Then, based on the SRM, and CRM, an energy mutual assistance control model between LVSs has been built to optimize energy loss. Finally, in the simulation, compared to the model without pumped storage in the LVS, the SRM and CLRM… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1113-1136, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059558 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Emerging Technologies for Future Smart Grids)
Abstract A centralized-distributed scheduling strategy for distribution networks based on multi-temporal and hierarchical cooperative game is proposed to address the issues of difficult operation control and energy optimization interaction in distribution network transformer areas, as well as the problem of significant photovoltaic curtailment due to the inability to consume photovoltaic power locally. A scheduling architecture combining multi-temporal scales with a three-level decision-making hierarchy is established: the overall approach adopts a centralized-distributed method, analyzing the operational characteristics and interaction relationships of the distribution network center layer, cluster layer, and transformer area layer, providing a “spatial foundation” for… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1137-1151, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.060945 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Emerging Technologies for Future Smart Grids)
Abstract With the development of renewable energy technologies such as photovoltaics and wind power, it has become a research hotspot to improve the consumption rate of new energy and reduce energy costs through algorithm improvement. To reduce the operational costs of micro-grid systems and the energy abandonment rate of renewable energy, while simultaneously enhancing user satisfaction on the demand side, this paper introduces an improved multi-objective Grey Wolf Optimizer based on Cauchy variation. The proposed approach incorporates a Cauchy variation strategy during the optimizer’s search phase to expand its exploration range and minimize the likelihood of… More >
Graphic Abstract
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1153-1174, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.059568 - 07 March 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Machine Learning in Energy Optimization for New Energy Solutions)
Abstract Energy storage power plants are critical in balancing power supply and demand. However, the scheduling of these plants faces significant challenges, including high network transmission costs and inefficient inter-device energy utilization. To tackle these challenges, this study proposes an optimal scheduling model for energy storage power plants based on edge computing and the improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA). The proposed model designs an edge computing framework, transferring a large share of data processing and storage tasks to the network edge. This architecture effectively reduces transmission costs by minimizing data travel time. In addition, the model… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1175-1198, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061083 - 07 March 2025
Abstract Power quality is a crucial area of research in contemporary power systems, particularly given the rapid proliferation of intermittent renewable energy sources such as wind power. This study investigated the relationships between power quality indices of system output and PSD by utilizing theories related to spectra, PSD, and random signal power spectra. The relationship was derived, validated through experiments and simulations, and subsequently applied to multi-objective optimization. Various optimization algorithms were compared to achieve optimal system power quality. The findings revealed that the relationships between power quality indices and PSD were influenced by variations in More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.3, pp. 1199-1220, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.061586 - 07 March 2025
Abstract With the development of integrated power and gas distribution systems (IPGS) incorporating renewable energy sources (RESs), coordinating the restoration processes of the power distribution system (PS) and the gas distribution system (GS) by utilizing the benefits of RESs enhances service restoration. In this context, this paper proposes a coordinated service restoration framework that considers the uncertainty in RESs and the bi-directional restoration interactions between the PS and GS. Additionally, a coordinated service restoration model is developed considering the two systems’ interdependency and the GS’s dynamic characteristics. The objective is to maximize the system resilience index… More >
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