Firstly, this paper expounds the conceptual connotation of in-service assessment in the new system, then applies modeling and Simulation in the field of in-service assessment, establishes the conceptual model of in-service assessment and its process, and finally analyzes the application of modeling and simulation in the specific links of in-service assessment.
In 2016, with the whole army’s adjustment and reform of the leadership management system in China, major adjustments and changes took place in the field of equipment test and evaluation. A new equipment test and evaluation management system was established, which defined a closed loop of “performance test-operational test-in-service assessment" [
The key link of “in-service assessment” has solved the disadvantages of the way of “one trial determines life” equipment finalization in the past [
Starting from the current situation that the concept of in-service a sessment is relatively new and less studied, this paper puts forward to learn from the basic idea of 5W2H analysis method, constructs the conceptual model of in-service assessment, clarifies the purpose, process and specific content of in-service assessment, and provides reference for the concept understanding and practice of in-service assessment.
Combined with normal combat readiness training, joint exercise training and teaching, in-service assessment is mainly organized and implemented by relying on the equipped troops and relevant colleges and universities [
The purpose of in-service assessment is to find out the problems in the process of personnel equipment integration and war training integration in the actual staffing system during its service period, and feed back the problems so as to solve them in time. Therefore, the content of the assessment index system of in-service assessment should reflect the key factors affecting the exertion of equipment combat effectiveness [
The latest clear main assessment indicators: first, the applicability of equipment with the army, which mainly investigates the degree to which the equipment meets the daily training use and maintenance, mainly including use availability, mission reliability, maintenance adaptability and support adaptability; The second is the stability of equipment quality, which mainly investigates whether the equipment quality characteristics of all aspects specified and promised are guaranteed, mainly including the difference of quality level and the variation rate of quality level; Third, the economy of equipment, which mainly examines whether the equipment can be used and whether the efficiency cost ratio is reasonable, including average maintenance cost and utilization cost [
The specific assessment index system is shown in
In the new system, as a separate implementation process and link, in-service assessment plays an irreplaceable role contrast performance test and operational test, and the process organization is obviously different from the former ones.
There are three main characteristics: first, the assessment contents are diverse. As a supplementary verification means for identification and finalization, it is necessary to set different assessment requirements according to different mission requirements and combat training environment. And it’s necessary to verify the indications that are difficult to test in the previous verification link and solve the previous remaining problems [
According to the scale of in-service assessment objects, in-service assessment can be divided into three types: single equipment, arms equipment system and integrated joint in-service assessment. These different types of in-service assessment have their own emphasis, as shown in
Type | Specific object | Evaluation focus |
---|---|---|
Single equipment | Single equipment and weapon system | Application with force |
Equipment economy | ||
Arms equipment system | Equipment system or multiple similar equipment | Equipment adaptability |
Equipment suitability | ||
Integrated joint assessment | Multi arms equipment system | Comprehensive index |
The so-called “modeling” is the abbreviation of “model building”, and the so-called “model” is the abstraction of the actual system. Abstract models are divided into conceptual models, mathematical models and simulation models. In the abstract model, the conceptual model is not only the first abstraction of the real world in the simulation world, but also the basic basis for the construction of mathematical model and simulation model. Its designing level directly determines the quality of mathematical model and simulation model.
As a new concept under the new system, the conceptual model of in-service assessment can be established to simplify its concept and make its process more intuitive and visual.
In order to describe the concept of in-service assessment under the new system more systematically and comprehensively, this paper uses the basic principle of 5W2H analysis method to establish the conceptual model of in-service assessment. 5W2H: What; Why; When; Where; Who; How; How much [
In the field of in-service assessment, the specific mapping of 5W2H is shown in
5W2H items | In service assessment concept | Content |
---|---|---|
What | Test content | Force applicability |
Quality stability | ||
Equipment economy | ||
Equipment adaptability | ||
Why | Experimental purpose | Promote equipment iterative development |
Optimize equipment organization structure | ||
Deepen the actual combat application of equipment | ||
When | Equipment life cycle | Equipment service period |
Where | Main places | Actual combat environment |
Who | Participants | Overall technical unit |
Task force | ||
Test evaluation organization | ||
Equipment manufacturer | ||
Expert consulting team | ||
How | Test method | Task combined in-service assessment |
Special in-service assessment | ||
How much | Test effect and benefit | Promote equipment improvement and upgrading |
Help force combat effectiveness generation |
The dynamic process of in-service assessment takes the whole process of equipment life cycle as the timeline, involving multiple stages, multiple units and various work tasks, with complex forms and contents. In this section, the complex and diverse equipment in-service assessment work is presented in the multi-dimensional chart of the time axis to realize the dynamic visualization of the process. The detailed flow chart is shown in
According to the connotation, characteristics and process of the above in-service assessment, this section discusses the application of simulation means in the in-service assessment process so as to simplify the test operation and achieve the test purpose.
By constructing a simulation system for specific assessment tasks and using the simulation deduction method, it provides effective theoretical and advance data support for the preliminary scheme demonstration and design. It helps to form a scientific combat scenario, systematic evaluation index and reasonable composition of the test force. It can compares and tests the compliance of the assessment data acquisition elements and the completeness of the whole assessment implementation scheme so as to evaluate whether the implementation plan is scientific and reasonable and optimize the in-service assessment outline and collaborative processes [
During the implementation of in-service assessment, more and more emphasis is placed on the construction of practical environment in the new system. It is proved during the practise that the closer the test condition environment is to the reality, the higher the credibility of the test effect is. In the design stage of in-service assessment scheme, simulation technology can be applied to battlefield environment configuration and virtual confrontation environment simulation [
In service assessment and evaluation shall be conducted after completing the phased or annual tasks. At this stage, all kinds of data need to be used to comprehensively evaluate the adaptability and economy of equipment in service. According to the technical documents, software and preliminary performance test and operational test data provided by the manufacturer, a comprehensive evaluation means combining virtual simulation and real equipment can be established by means of simulation, and an in-service evaluation index system can be formed [
As an important means to understand, analyze and solve problems, modeling and simulation plays a more and more important role in the implementation of equipment test under the new system. Under this new system, the independent link of in-service assessment is added, the equipment test cycle is prolonged, and the assessment of combat effectiveness and system of equipment under the background of actual combat after equipment service is strengthened. By establishing a conceptual model, this paper analyzes the concept and specific work flow of in-service assessment, and discusses the application of modeling and Simulation in specific processes. In the future development of in-service assessment, we should make full use of the development achievements of simulation technology, carry out research on in-service assessment modeling and simulation technology, accelerate the landing application of in-service assessment simulation evaluation means, optimize and improve assessment benefits. Modeling and simulation provide new ideas for promoting the implementation of in-service assessment and the upgrading of equipment, and then accelerate the improvement of combat effectiveness of the army.