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Hang Yang^1,2,3, Wei Zhai³, Ma Li^1,*, Damiano Pasini^2,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.010893
Abstract Stimuli-responsive materials can alter their physicochemical properties, e.g., shape, color, or stiffness, upon exposure to an external trigger, e.g., heat, light, or humidity, exhibiting environmental adaptability. Among them, shape memory materials are limited by their multi-shape memory effect and the complex thermomechanical programming. In this work, we harness the distinct temperature-dependent elastic moduli of two 3D-printable polymers, that do not rely upon their intrinsic shape memory effect and compositional alteration to generate robust and simplified multi-shape memory responses in a variety of stimuli-responsive mechanical metamaterials, bypassing the typical intricate programming of conventional multi-shape memory polymers.… More >

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Jiaming Zhan^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011189
Abstract Calcium fluoride (CaF₂) exhibits excellent optical properties, making it a promising candidate for preparing optical components. The actual applications underscore the importance of enhancing the ductile machining of such a difficult-to-machine material. This study starts by investigating the influence of thermal gradient fields on the mechanical behaviors of CaF₂ single crystal experimentally and theoretically, revealing the potential deformation mechanisms under various thermal additions. On this basis, a novel laser-assisted machining (LAM) scheme was proposed to enhance the deformability and machinability of CaF₂ single crystal by tailoring local thermal fields. The laser heating spot within the work material… More >

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Tianyu Chen¹, Yifan Wang^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011272
Abstract Biological organisms often possess remarkable multifunctionality through intricate structures, such as the concurrent shape-morphing and stiffness-variation in octopus. Soft robots, which are inspired by natural creatures, usually require the integration of separate modules to achieve these various functions. As a result, the whole structure is cumbersome and the control system is complex, often involving multiple control loops to finish the required task. Here, inspired by the scaly creatures in nature such as pangolins and fish, we develop a robotic structure that can vary stiffness and change shape simultaneously in a highly-integrated compact body. The scale-inspired… More >

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Xudong Yang¹, Yifan Wang^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011275
Abstract Shape-morphing materials present promising avenues for mimicking the adaptive characteristics of biological organisms capable of transitioning between diverse morphologies. However, existing morphing strategies through pre-arranged localized strain and/or cut/fold patterns have a limited range of achievable geometries, and the morphed structures usually have low stiffness due to the intrinsic softness of underlying materials. To overcome these challenges, we are inspired by the inherently non-monolithic architectures in living organisms, e.g., the nacre or bone consisting of stiff building blocks joined by the weak interfaces, which endow creatures ingenious shape-morphing abilities and tunable mechanical properties through collectively… More >

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Chenze Li¹, Manish Jain^1,2, Qian Liu¹, Zhuohan Cao¹, Michael Ferry³, Jamie J. Kruzic¹, Bernd Gludovatz¹, Xiaopeng Li^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011290
Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing (AM) technology has become a versatile tool for producing new microstructures in metal components, offering novel mechanical properties for different applications. In this work, enhanced ductility (~55% elongation) and tunable mechanical anisotropy (ratio of ductility along vertical to horizontal orientation from ~0.2 to ~1) were achieved for a CoCrNi medium entropy alloy (MEA) by multi-scale synergistic microstructure manipulation (i.e., melt pool boundary, grain morphology and crystallographic texture) through adjusting key LPBF processing parameters (e.g., laser power and scan speed). By increasing the volumetric energy density (VED) from 68.3… More >

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Hirak Kansara¹, Mingchao Liu^2,*, Yinfeng He³, Wei Tan^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011328
Abstract Shape-morphing structures exhibit the remarkable ability to transition between different configurations, offering vast potential across numerous applications. A common example involves the transformation from a flat two-dimensional (2D) state to a desired three-dimensional (3D) form. One prevalent technique for fabricating such structures entails strategically cutting thin sheet materials (known as kirigami), which, upon the application of external mechanical forces, morph into the intended 3D shape. A method leveraging the non-linear beam equation has been proposed for inverse design, determining the optimal 2D cutting patterns necessary to achieve a symmetrical 3D shape. Central to this strategy… More >

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Mingchao Liu^1,2,*, Kexin Guo², Marc Suñé³, K Jimmy Hsia², Dominic Vella³
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011450
Abstract The mechanics of slender elastic sheets poses a rich collection of geometrically nonlinear behaviours [1,2]. Here, we present a new mode of global deformation induced by uniaxial stretching of an elastic sheet. We show that a global buckling in tension can occur and suggest it may be an organizing principle behind previous observations. More >

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Bahareh Tajvidi Safa¹, Jordan Rosenbohm¹, Ruiguo Yang^1,2,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011477
Abstract Cell-cell adhesions are often subjected to mechanical strains of different rates and magnitudes in normal tissue function and in disease conditions. To date, few strategies exist to directly and quantitatively investigate the effect of mechanical forces exerted by cell-cell adhesions, even less the effect of applied load on the transduction of these forces into biochemical signals. To address this knowledge gap, we designed and fabricated a platform that performs quantitative mechanical characterization of single cell-cell adhesion structures using two photon polymerization of multiple materials [1]. This microsystem provides interrogation and stimulation of cell-cell junctions through… More >

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Junshan Hu^1,2,*, Shiqing Mi¹, Jinrong Fang¹, Wei Tian¹
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011840
Abstract This research aims to investigate efficient repair techniques of cracked Ti-alloy aircraft structures with adhesively bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite patches. The repaired specimens in the configuration of a Ti-alloy butt joint with one-side bonded composite patch were prepared under multiple repair factors including patch thickness, patch length, adhesive thickness, cure pressure, patch layup and surface treatment. The repair efficiency was evaluated by loading behavior, bonded interface microstructure and failure mode. The three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model has been established. Based on 3D Hashin failure criteria, the damage initiation and evolution in CFRP were… More >

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Zhao Wang¹, Jun Liu¹, Xiaoying Qi², Chadur Venkatesan², Sharon Nai², David W. Rosen^1,2,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.011890
Abstract Shape memory polymers (SMP) have many applications as actuators in soft robotics. However, predicting their shape change behavior is challenging, which makes designing suitable actuators difficult. For thermally stimulated shape memory polymers, constitutive models of shape change behavior show promise in enabling predictable shape changes, which is necessary for actuator design. These models are usually classified as either rheological or phase transition, with the former being more general, although non-physical in nature, and the latter being more physically significant [1]. Of interest in this work is 2-state shape change transitions for single-material actuators; that is,… More >

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Shihao Zhu¹, Fanshun Meng¹, Shihao Zhang¹, Shigenobu Ogata^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012058
Abstract Hydrogen dissolves in most metallic materials and causes hydrogen embrittlement (HE). This is particularly relevant to iron, a widely used material in engineering applications, which can degrade when exposed to high-pressure hydrogen gas under high temperature. As the hydrogen concentration is a primary factor controls defects properties in metals [1], it is crucial to understand the hydrogen solubility under high H2 pressure, but this aspect remains unclear. At low H2 pressures, the solubility of hydrogen can be predicted using Sieverts’ law [2], which states that the solubility increases proportionally to the square root of H2… More >

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Zhiheng Hu^1,*, Hang Li Seet¹, Sharon Mui Ling Nai¹
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012118
Abstract Heat treatment is a common way for enhancing the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloys. For the alloys developed for laser powder bed fusion, changes in chemical composition, together with the non-equilibrium microstructures resulting from the ultrafast cooling rate during the process, potentially alter the effectiveness of heat treatment. This study investigates the effect of the heat treatments on a Al6xxx alloy fabricated by LPBF. The response to the same heat treatment varies depending on the initial microstructure, and similarly, different heat treatments yield distinct outcomes when applied to the same original microstructures. While there… More >

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Kee-Ahn Lee^1,*, So-Yeon Park¹, Soo-Bin Kim¹, Young-Kyun Kim^1,2
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012196
Abstract NiCoCr medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) with controlled interstitial C contents were fabricated by using powder bed fusion-type additive manufacturing (AM) process. And the microstructure, mechanical properties, and high temperature oxidation resistance of in-situ carbide-reinforced NiCoCr Medium alloy were investigated. The initial microstructure shows that both AM-built interstitial C-doped MEAs had a heterogeneous grain structure and epitaxial growth grains along the building direction. The analysis of electron channeling contrast images showed a large amount of nano-sized precipitates (in-situ precipitates) distributed at the sub-structure boundaries formed by a dislocation network, and a large number of stacking faults were simultaneously observed inside the sub-structure. A… More >

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Taku Itoh^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012260
Abstract In meshless methods, although elements constructing an analysis domain are not required, the domain should be represented in some way, instead. A scalar field g(x), that contains the analysis domain, is sometimes employed, and the boundary of analysis domain is represented as an implicit surface, g(x) = 0. In this study, we consider generating an implicit surface from scattered points on the surface of an object. The scattered points are obtained by a three-dimensional scanning device. To generate g(x), field values f_ijk on N3 uniform grid points x_ijk are required. Although the field values f_ijk have been… More >

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Fei Teng¹, Yiwei Weng^1,*
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012282
Abstract 3D concrete printing (3DCP) has challenges in weak interlayer bond strength and steel reinforcement integration. Existing methods to improve the interlayer bond strength and integrate steel reinforcement have limitations in automatic operation and limited mechanical performance improvement. Strain hardening cementitious composites (SHCC), with the high tensile strength and tensile strain capacity, have the potential to achieve self-reinforced structures in 3DCP. Nevertheless, the wider adoption of SHCC in 3DCP is limited by the high cost of fibers and fiber agglomeration during printing.
To fill the gap, this study investigates the use of SHCC as bonding agent of… More >

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Naoyuki Nomura^1,*, Mingqi Dong¹, Zhenxing Zhou¹, Weiwei Zhou¹
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012381
Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) exhibits many technological opportunities for producing high-performance metallic parts with tailored architectures. However, fabrication of suitable composite powders possessing good flowability, controllable particle size and distribution is a currently prerequisite and main challenge. In this work, two novel techniques, namely freeze-dry pulsated orifice ejection method (FD-POEM) [1] and ultrafine bubble (UFB)-assisted heteroagglomeration [2], have been developed to fabricate uniform composite powders. By taking MoSiBTiC alloy powders as an example, the working principle of FD-POEM process was firstly illustrated. The spherical FD-POEM particles were consisted of typical mesh structures induced by… More >

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Rui Li^1,*, Yonggang Huang², John A. Rogers²
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012578
Abstract Bioresorbable electronic devices represent an emerging class of technology that involves components which physically disappear, in whole or in part, at prescribed rates and at programmed times [1,2]. Obtaining reliable performance and favorable degradation behavior demands materials that can serve as biofluid barriers in encapsulating structures that avoid premature degradation of active electronic components [3–5]. We have recently presented a multilayer organic–inorganic film design that addresses this need, with properties in water impermeability, mechanical flexibility, and processability that are superior to alternatives [6,7]. Theoretical modeling for water permeation across the multilayer films provides an important More >

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Jianfeng Zhao^1,*, Xu Zhang², Guozheng Kang², Michael Ziaser³
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012582
Abstract A continuum model of dislocation transport incorporating grain boundary transmission was developed within a dislocation-based crystal plasticity framework, which was then adopted to study the deformation mechanisms of gradient-structured material and bimodal-grained material. The nonlocal nature of the model on the slip system level enables the direct investigation of strain gradient effects caused by internal deformation heterogeneities. Furthermore, the interaction between dislocations and grain boundaries leads to the formation of pileups near grain boundaries, which is key to studying the grain size effects in polycrystals. Finite element implementation of the model for polycrystals with different… More >

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Ying Luo^1,*, Hanxuan Xu¹, Hongguang Liu¹, Chenguang Xu¹, Xingchuan Liao¹
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-2, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.012595
Abstract This study focuses on the widespread utilization of environmental wind energy to power electronic devices and wireless network sensor nodes with low energy consumption characteristics. It explores the influence of relevant geometric parameters of wind-excited bluff body flexible electric cantilever structures on energy harvesting systems, aiming to enhance effective wind energy collection over a wider range of wind speeds. Through numerical analysis, considering the effects of flexible electric cantilever beam dimensions and rectangular cross-sectional bluff body dimensions on the critical flutter wind speed of the energy harvester, optimal structural parameters of the rectangular cross-sectional bluff… More >

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Prabhakar Misra^1,*, Hawazin Alghamdi¹, Raul Garcia-Sanchez¹, Wyatt Mitchell², Allison Powell³, Nikhil Vohra⁴
The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 1-1, 2024, DOI:10.32604/icces.2024.013296
Abstract Semiconducting quantum dots (Q-dots) with strain-tunable electronic properties are good contenders for quantum computing devices, as they hold promise to exhibit a high level of photon entanglement. The optical and electronic properties of Q-dots vary with their size, shape, and makeup. An assortment of Q-dots has been studied, including ZnO, ZnS, CdSe and perovskites [1]. We have employed both Raman spectroscopy (to precisely determine their vibrational frequencies) and UV-VIS spectroscopy (to determine accurately their band gap energies). The electronic band structure and density of states of the ZnO and ZnS Q-dots have been investigated under More >

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