Open Access

ARTICLE

Nanofluid Heat Transfer in Irregular 3D Surfaces under Magnetohydrodynamics and Multi-Slip Effects

by Mumtaz Khan^1,*, Muhammad Shoaib Anwar², Mudassar Imran³, Amer Rasheed⁴

1 Faculty of Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
2 Department of Mathematics, University of Jhang, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
3 College of Humanities and Science, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
4 Department of Mathematics, School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore Cantt, 54792, Pakistan

* Corresponding Author: Mumtaz Khan. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Computational Thermo-Fluids and Nanofluids)

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer 2024, 22(5), 1399-1419. https://doi.org/10.32604/fhmt.2024.056597

Received 25 July 2024; Accepted 13 September 2024; Issue published 30 October 2024

Abstract

This study employs the Buongiorno model to explore nanoparticle migration in a mixed convection second-grade fluid over a slendering (variable thickness) stretching sheet. The convective boundary conditions are applied to the surface. In addition, the analysis has been carried out in the presence of Joule heating, slips effects, thermal radiation, heat generation and magnetohydrodynamic. This study aimed to understand the complex dynamics of these nanofluids under various external influences. The governing model has been developed using the flow assumptions such as boundary layer approximations in terms of partial differential equations. Governing partial differential equations are first reduced into ordinary differential equations and then numerically solved using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method (RK4) in conjunction with a shooting scheme. Our results indicate significant increases in Nusselt and Sherwood numbers by up to 14.6% and 23.2%, respectively, primarily due to increases in the Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter. Additionally, increases in the magnetic field parameter led to a decrease in skin friction coefficients by 37.5%. These results provide critical insights into optimizing industrial processes such as chemical production, automotive cooling systems, and energy generation, where efficient heat and mass transfer are crucial. Buongiorno model; velocity-slip effects; Joule heating; convective boundary conditions; Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method (RK4).

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Keywords

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