Open Access

ARTICLE

J.S. Lowengrub¹, J-J. Xu², A. Voigt³
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 1-20, 2007, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2007.003.001
Abstract We introduce and investigate numerically a thermodynamically consistent simple model of a drop or vesicle in which the interfacial surface contains multiple constitutive components (e.g. amphiphilic molecules). The model describes the nonlinear coupling among the flow, drop/vesicle morphology and the evolution of the surface phases. We consider a highly simplified version of the Helfrich model for fluid-like vesicle membranes in which we neglect the effects of bending forces and spontaneous curvature but keep the effects of inhomogeneous surface tension forces. Thus, this model may also describe liquid drops. To solve the highly nonlinear, coupled system More >

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ARTICLE

Mark Sussman¹, Mitsuhiro Ohta²
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 21-36, 2007, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2007.003.021
Abstract In this paper, we describe new techniques for numerically approximating two-phase flows. Specifically, we present new techniques for treating the viscosity and surface tension terms that appear in the Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible two-phase flow. Our resulting numerical method has the property that results computed using our two-phase algorithm approach the corresponding "one-phase'' algorithm in the limit of zero gas density/viscosity; i.e. the two-phase results approach the one-phase free-boundary results in the limit that the gas is assumed to become a uniform pressure void. By grid convergence checks and comparison with previous experimental data, we More >

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1352

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ARTICLE

Frédéric Gibou¹, Chohong Min², Hector D. Ceniceros³
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 37-48, 2007, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2007.003.037
Abstract We describe two finite difference schemes for simulating incompressible flows on nonuniform meshes using quadtree/octree data structures. The first one uses a cell-centered Poisson solver that yields first-order accurate solutions, while producing symmetric linear systems. The second uses a node-based Poisson solver that produces second-order accurate solutions and second-order accurate gradients, while producing nonsymmetric linear systems as the basis for a second-order accurate Navier-Stokes solver. The grids considered can be non-graded, i.e. the difference of level between two adjacent cells can be arbitrary. In both cases semi-Lagrangian methods are used to update the intermediate fluid More >

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1251

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ARTICLE

Jacek Narski^1,2, Marco Picasso¹
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 49-64, 2007, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2007.003.049
Abstract An adaptive phase field model for the solidification of binary alloys in three space dimensions is presented. The fluid flow in the liquid due to different liquid/solid densities is taken into account. The unknowns are the phase field, the alloy concentration and the velocity/pressure in the liquid. Continuous, piecewise linear finite elements are used for the space discretization, a semi-implicit scheme is used for time discretization. An adaptive method allows the number of degrees of freedom to be reduced, the mesh tetrahedrons having high aspect ratio whenever needed. Numerical results show that our method is More >

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1335

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ARTICLE

Xiaofeng Yang¹, Ashley J. James^1,2
FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 65-96, 2007, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2007.003.065
Abstract An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method for interfacial flows with insoluble surfactants is presented. The interface is captured using a coupled level set and volume of fluid method, which takes advantage of the strengths of both the level set method and the volume of fluid method. By directly tracking the surfactant mass, the method conserves surfactant mass, and prevents surfactant from diffusing off the interface. Interfacial area is also tracked. To accurately approximate the interfacial area, the fluid interface is reconstructed using piece-wise parabolas. The surfactant concentration, which determines the local surface tension through an equation… More >

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