Open Access

ARTICLE

An Integrated Optimization Method for CO₂ Pre-Injection during Hydraulic Fracturing in Heavy Oil Reservoirs

Hong Dong¹, Xiding Gao^2,*, Xinqi Zhang¹, Qian Wang^1,3, Haipeng Xu¹, Binrui Wang², Chengguo Gao¹, Kaiwen Luo², Hengyi Jiang²

1 PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, 834000, China
2 National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, China
3 Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

* Corresponding Author: Xiding Gao. Email: