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Open Access

ARTICLE

Numerical Simulation of the Mechanical Stirring Process in a Tannin-Based Foaming Precursor Resin

Lan Huang1, Wenbin Yuan1, Hisham Essawy2, Xiaojian Zhou3,*, Xinyi Chen3,*
1 Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
2 Department of Polymers and Pigments, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
3 Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
* Corresponding Author: Xiaojian Zhou. Email: email; Xinyi Chen. Email: email

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing https://doi.org/10.32604/fdmp.2024.052445

Received 01 April 2024; Accepted 27 May 2024; Published online 21 June 2024

Abstract

Tannin foam is a new functional material. It can be widely applied to the automobile industry, construction industry, and packaging industry due to its wide range of raw materials, renewable, easily degraded, low cost and almost no pollution. Preparing tannin foam is a very complex process that includes high temperature, two phases, mechanical agitation, and phase change. To investigate the influence of the stirring velocity and paddle shape, simulation was calculated by making use of the volume of fluid (VOF) method and multiple reference frame (MRF) method in a three-dimensional flow field of tannin-based foaming precursor resin. The gas holdup and velocity magnitude were analysed with various conditions of mechanical velocities and paddle shape in the stirring flow field. The result shows the higher the velocity, the greater the disturbance and paddle shape between the eggbeater and the Rushton turbine, obviously the paddle shape of the eggbeater with a wider range of agitation, which can entrap more air into the tannin-based foaming precursor resin in a short time. Especially when the speed is 1500 rpm, the flow field of the Rushton turbine comes out of a ditch, which decreases the efficiency of mass transfer; there is less air to mix into the tannin-based foaming precursor resin, which causes unevenness. At the same time, the eggbeater shows the marvelous capability of hybrid as it has two vortexes and multiple cycles that make a difference from the Rushton turbine, which has only one vortex and two upper and lower loops; the structure makes the flow field more stable allowed evenness of flow field tannin-based foaming precursor resin. The results reveal that it is beneficial for tannin-based foaming precursor resin to use an eggbeater with a speed of 1500 rpm to reduce the consumption of resources while obtaining a uniform flow field.

Keywords

Tannin-based foaming precursor resin; mechanical agitation; numerical simulation; volume of fluid (VOF); multiple reference frame (MRF)

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