Open Access

ARTICLE

Impact of Injection Strategies and Jatropha Biodiesel-Diesel Blends on Soot and Emissions

Mohammed A. Fayad^1,*, Amera A. Radhi¹, Marwa K. Abood², Hind A. AL Salihi¹, Miqdam T. Chaichan¹

1 Energy and Renewable Energies Technology Center, University of Technology-Iraq, Karada, Baghdad, 35050, Iraq
2 Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology-Iraq, Baghdad, 35050, Iraq

* Corresponding Author: Mohammed A. Fayad. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advancements in Energy Resources, Processes, Systems, and Materials-(ICSSD2024))

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(3), 929-941. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2025.061612

Received 28 November 2024; Accepted 23 January 2025; Issue published 07 March 2025

Abstract

Oxygenated fuels can reduce harmful emissions without affecting engine performance, meeting the big challenge in the transportation industry, which keeps the environment safe and reduces global warming. This study investigates the impact of biodiesel injection strategies and fuel injection pressures (FIP) on diesel engine exhaust emission characteristics. The engine is fuelled with 20% Jatropha biodiesel (JB) and 80% diesel, named JB20D. The ratios of fuel injection pressures started with injecting the fuel (diesel and JB20D) from 200 bar to 500 bar. The experimental outcomes indicate that the engine performance of brake-specific fuel consumption increased by 21.36% from the burning of JB20D compared with diesel, while brake thermal efficiency improved by 6.54% for low and high FIP compared to the diesel. The high fuel injection pressures slightly decrease the nitrogen oxide (NO_X) emissions for both diesel and biodiesel. The emissions of NO_X decreased from the combustion of JB20D by 18.7% under high fuel injection pressures compared to diesel. The concentration of soot particulate decreased by 20.4% form JB20D combustion than those combusted from diesel fuel.

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