Open Access

ARTICLE

Modeling and Capacity Configuration Optimization of CRH5 EMU On-Board Energy Storage System

by Mingxing Tian^*, Weiyuan Zhang, Zhaoxu Su

School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China

* Corresponding Author: Mingxing Tian. Email:

Energy Engineering 2025, 122(1), 307-329. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.057426

Received 17 August 2024; Accepted 26 September 2024; Issue published 27 December 2024

Abstract

In the context of the “dual carbon” goals, to address issues such as high energy consumption, high costs, and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways, this study focused on the China Railways High-Speed 5 Electric Multiple Unit and proposed a mathematical model and capacity optimization method for an on-board energy storage system using lithium batteries and supercapacitors as storage media. Firstly, considering the electrical characteristics, weight, and volume of the storage media, a mathematical model of the energy storage system was established. Secondly, to tackle problems related to energy consumption and power quality, an energy management strategy was proposed that comprehensively considers peak shaving and valley filling and power quality by controlling the charge/discharge thresholds of the storage system. The capacity optimization adopted a bi-level programming model, with the series/parallel number of storage modules as variables, considering constraints imposed by the Direct Current to Direct Current converter, train load, and space. An improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and linear programming solver were used to solve specific cases. The results show that the proposed onboard energy storage system can effectively achieve energy savings, reduce consumption, and improve power quality while meeting the load and space limitations of the train.

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Keywords

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