Open Access

ARTICLE

A Novel Defender-Attacker-Defender Model for Resilient Distributed Generator Planning with Network Reconfiguration and Demand Response

by Wenlu Ji^*, Teng Tu, Nan Ma

Nanjing Power Supply Company, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co., Ltd., Nanjing, 210019, China

* Corresponding Author: Wenlu Ji. Email:

Energy Engineering 2024, 121(5), 1223-1243. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.046112

Received 19 September 2023; Accepted 01 December 2023; Issue published 30 April 2024

Abstract

To improve the resilience of a distribution system against extreme weather, a fuel-based distributed generator (DG) allocation model is proposed in this study. In this model, the DGs are placed at the planning stage. When an extreme event occurs, the controllable generators form temporary microgrids (MGs) to restore the load maximally. Simultaneously, a demand response program (DRP) mitigates the imbalance between the power supply and demand during extreme events. To cope with the fault uncertainty, a robust optimization (RO) method is applied to reduce the long-term investment and short-term operation costs. The optimization is formulated as a tri-level defender-attacker-defender (DAD) framework. At the first level, decision-makers work out the DG allocation scheme; at the second level, the attacker finds the optimal attack strategy with maximum damage; and at the third level, restoration measures, namely distribution network reconfiguration (DNR) and demand response are performed. The problem is solved by the nested column and constraint generation (NC&CG) method and the model is validated using an IEEE 33-node system. Case studies validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model according to the enhanced resilience and reduced cost.

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Keywords

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