Open Access

ARTICLE

Production of Light Fraction-Based Pyrolytic Fuel from Spirulina platensis Microalgae Using Various Low-Cost Natural Catalysts and Insertion

Indra Mamad Gandidi^1,2,*, Sukarni Sukarni^3,4, Avita Ayu Permanasari³, Purnami Purnami⁵, Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah⁶, Anwar Johari⁶, Nugroho Agung Pambudi^7,*

1 Energy Conversion and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
2 Center of Energy Research and Application (CERAP), Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, 40154, Indonesia
3 Center for Renewable Fuels Research (CRFR), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
4 Center of Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy (CAMRY), Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 65145, Indonesias
5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
6 School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
7 Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia

* Corresponding Authors: Indra Mamad Gandidi. Email: ; Nugroho Agung Pambudi. Email: