Open Access

ARTICLE

Stackelberg Game-Based Optimal Dispatch for PEDF Park and Power Grid Interaction under Multiple Incentive Mechanisms

by Weidong Chen^1,2,*, Yun Zhao³, Xiaorui Wu^1,2, Ziwen Cai³, Min Guo^1,2, Yuxin Lu³

1 Integrated Energy Research Institute, Electric Power Research Institute of Guangxi Power Grid Co., Ltd., Nanning, 530023, China
2 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Maintenance of Power Equipment, Nanning, 530023, China
3 Institute of Electricity Consumption and Measurement Technology, CSG Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou, 510663, China

* Corresponding Author: Weidong Chen. Email:

Energy Engineering 2024, 121(10), 3075-3093. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2024.051404

Received 05 March 2024; Accepted 03 June 2024; Issue published 11 September 2024

Abstract

The integration of photovoltaic, energy storage, direct current, and flexible load (PEDF) technologies in building power systems is an important means to address the energy crisis and promote the development of green buildings. The friendly interaction between the PEDF systems and the power grid can promote the utilization of renewable energy and enhance the stability of the power grid. For this purpose, this work introduces a framework of multiple incentive mechanisms for a PEDF park, a building energy system that implements PEDF technologies. The incentive mechanisms proposed in this paper include both economic and noneconomic aspects, which is the most significant innovation of this paper. By modeling the relationship between a PEDF park and the power grid into a Stackelberg game, we demonstrate the effectiveness of these incentive measures in promoting the friendly interaction between the two entities. In this game model, the power grid determines on the prices of electricity trading and incentive subsidy, aiming to maximize its revenue while reducing the peak load of the PEDF park. On the other hand, the PEDF park make its dispatch plan according to the prices established by the grid, in order to reduce electricity consumption expense, improve electricity utility, and enhance the penetration rate of renewable energy. The results show that the proposed incentive mechanisms for the PEDF park can help to optimize energy consumption and promote sustainable energy practices.

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Keywords

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