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Dahai Zhang^*, Chuanjian Wu, Jinghan He
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 1-21, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.023304
Abstract Line-commutated converter-voltage source converter (LCC-VSC) power transmission technology does not have the problem of communication failure very usually. It therefore can support the long-distance, long-capacity transmission of electric energy. However, factors such as topology, control strategy, and short-circuit capacities make the traditional protection principles not fully applicable to LCC-VSC hybrid transmission systems. To enhance the reliability of hybrid DC systems, a single-ended principle based on transmission coefficients is proposed and produced. First, the equivalent circuit of the LCC-VSC hybrid DC system is analyzed and the expression of the first traveling wave is deduced accordingly. Then, the concept of multi-frequency transmission… More >

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Khaled Bawaneh^1,*, Bradley Deken², Amin Esmaeili³
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 23-34, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.019813
Abstract In this study, information on energy usage in the United States (U.S.) aerospace manufacturing sector has been analyzed and then represented as energy intensities (kWh/m²) to establish benchmark data and to compare facilities of varying sizes. First, public sources were identified and the data from these previously published sources were aggregated to determine the energy usage of aerospace manufacturing facilities within the U.S. From this dataset, a sample of 28 buildings were selected and the energy intensity for each building was estimated from the data. Next, as a part of this study the energy data for three additional aerospace manufacturing… More >

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447

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Lihu Cao^1,2, Jinsheng Sun^1,*, Bo Zhang^3,*, Nu Lu⁴, Yuqiang Xu¹
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 35-48, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.022867
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Simulation of Flow and Transport Problems in Petroleum Engineering)
Abstract In gas storage or high-pressure gas wells, annular pressure is an unavoidable threat to safe, long-term resource production. The more complex situation, however, is multiple annular pressure, which means annular pressure happens in not only one annulus but two or more. Such a situation brings serious challenges to the identification of well integrity. However, few researches analyze the phenomenon of multiple annular pressure. Therefore, this paper studies the mechanism of multi-annular pressure to provide a foundation for its prevention and diagnosis. Firstly, the multi-annular pressure is classified according to the mechanism and field data. Then the failure mechanism and function… More >

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473

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Quanchun Yan^1,2,*, Chao Yuan¹, Wen Gu¹, Yanan Liu¹, Yiming Tang¹
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 49-68, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018555
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Wind Energy Development and Utilization)
Abstract In order to solve the problems of rotor overvoltage, overcurrent and DC side voltage rise caused by grid voltage drops, a coordinated control strategy based on symmetrical and asymmetrical low voltage ride through of rotor side converter of the doubly-fed generator is proposed. When the power grid voltage drops symmetrically, the generator approximate equation under steady-state conditions is no longer applicable. Considering the dynamic process of stator current excitation, according to the change of stator flux and the depth of voltage drop, the system can dynamically provide reactive power support for parallel nodes and suppress the rise of DC side… More >

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497

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Saeed Akbari¹, Seyed Saeed Fazel^1,*, Hamed Hashemi-Dezaki^2,3
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 69-86, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.024121
Abstract The networking of microgrids has received significant attention in the form of a smart grid. In this paper, a set of smart railway stations, which is assumed as microgrids, is connected together. It has been tried to manage the energy exchanged between the networked microgrids to reduce received energy from the utility grid. Also, the operational costs of stations under various conditions decrease by applying the proposed method. The smart railway stations are studied in the presence of photovoltaic (PV) units, energy storage systems (ESSs), and regenerative braking strategies. Studying regenerative braking is one of the essential contributions. Moreover, the… More >

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Tao Hou¹, Shan Wang^1,2,*
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 87-106, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.022122
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Evolutionary Intelligence-Based Modelling, Optimization and Control in Renewable Energy Systems)
Abstract The existing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method has low tracking efficiency and poor stability. It is easy to fall into the Local Maximum Power Point (LMPP) in Partial Shading Condition (PSC), resulting in the degradation of output power quality and efficiency. It was found that various bio-inspired MPPT based optimization algorithms employ different mechanisms, and their performance in tracking the Global Maximum Power Point (GMPP) varies. Thus, a Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) combined with the Incremental conductance Algorithm (INC) is proposed (CSA-INC) is put forward for the MPPT method of photovoltaic power generation. The method can improve the tracking… More >

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Muhammad Idris^1,*, I. Husin², Indra Hermawan¹, Uun Novalia³, R. D. Batubara¹, Nugroho Agung Pambudi^4,*, Alfan Sarifudin⁴
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 107-123, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2023.019203
Abstract Diesel engines is an internal combustion engine with high thermal efficiency, which also uses biodiesel fuel, an environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and low sulfur content. Biodiesel has been around for a long time due to its similar characteristics to diesel fuels which has limited availability. However, several disadvantages are associated with biodiesel, such as poor volatility and high viscosity, which reduces engine performance. Therefore, this study was carried out to improve the diesel engine performance by mixing biodiesel with ecodiesel (ED), an additive produced from natural ingredients that is dissolvable in biodiesel. The biodiesel fuel properties used are  density 860 kg/, dynamic… More >

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8

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Li Luo¹, Yuhang Fan¹, Yu Wang¹, Peiyong Ni¹, Xuewen Zhang¹, Guannan Xi^2,*
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 125-145, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.022295
Abstract This paper aims to design a special exchanger to recover the exhaust gas heat of marine diesel engines used in small and medium-sized fishing vessels, which can then be used to heat water up to 55°C–85°C for membrane desalination devices to produce fresh water. A new exhaust-gas heat exchanger of fins and tube, with a reinforced heat transfer tube section, unequal spacing fins, a mixing zone between the fin groups and four routes tube bundle, was designed. Numerical simulations were also used to provide reference information for structural design. Experiments were carried out for exhaust gas waste heat recovery from… More >

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416

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Tinnawat Hongphan¹, Matthew O. T. Cole^1,*, Chakkapong Chamroon¹, Ziv Brand²
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 147-161, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.022821
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Selected Papers from 3^rd International Conference on Energy & Power (ICEP2021))
Abstract This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study on controller design for the AMBs in a small-scale flywheel energy storage system, where the main goals are to achieve low energy consumption and improved rotordynamic stability. A H-infinity optimal control synthesis procedure is defined for the permanent-magnet-biased AMB-rotor system with 4 degrees of freedom. Through the choice of design weighting functions, notch filter characteristics are incorporated within the controller to reduce AMB current components caused by rotor vibration at the synchronous frequency and higher harmonics. Experimental tests are used to validate the controller design methodology and provide comparative results on performance… More >

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501

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Hao Liu¹, Xiaoyang Zhang¹, Zhongjie Yan^1,*, Yingjian Yang^2,3, Qing’an Li^3,4,5, Chang Cai^3,4
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 163-179, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019927
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Wind Energy Development and Utilization)
Abstract The typical location and number of anemometer towers in the assessed area are the key to the accuracy of wind resource assessment in complex topography. As calculation examples, this paper used two typical complex topography wind farms in Guangxi, Yunnan province in China. Firstly, we simulated the wind resource status of the anemometer tower in the Meteodyn WT software. Secondly, we compared the simulated wind resource with the actual measured data by the anemometer tower in the same situation. Thirdly, we analyzed the influence of anemometer tower location and quantity in the accuracy of wind resource assessment through the comparison… More >

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395

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Song Zhang¹, Wensheng Li², Zhao Li², Xiaolei Zhang¹, Zhipeng Lu¹, Xiaoning Ge^3,*
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 181-199, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.022228
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Innovative Energy Systems Management under the Goals of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality)
Abstract Driven by the goal of “carbon neutrality” and “emission peak”, effectively controlling system carbon emissions has become significantly important to governments around the world. To this end, a novel two-stage low-carbon economic scheduling framework that considers the coordinated optimization of ladder-type carbon trading and integrated demand response (IDR) is proposed in this paper for the integrated energy system (IES), where the first stage determines the energy consumption plan of users by leveraging the price-based electrical-heat IDR. In contrast, the second stage minimizes the system total cost to optimize the outputs of generations with consideration of the uncertainty of renewables. In… More >

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429

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Zhenyi Feng^*, Nina Mo, Shujuan Dai, Yu Xiao, Xia Cheng
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 201-219, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.023471
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Smart Grid - Issues and Solutions for Energy-disadvantaged Communities)
Abstract The construction of relevant standards for building carbon emission assessment in China has just started, and the quantitative analysis method and evaluation system are still imperfect, which hinders the development of lowcarbon building design. Therefore, the use of intelligent energy management system is very necessary. The purpose of this paper is to explore the design optimization of low-carbon buildings based on intelligent energy management systems. Based on the proposed quantitative method of building carbon emission, this paper establishes the quota theoretical system of building carbon emission analysis, and develops the quota based carbon emission calculation software. Smart energy management system… More >

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Jun Zhou^1,*, Shijie Fang¹, Jinghong Peng¹, Qing Li², Guangchuan Liang^1,*
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 221-243, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.020317
Abstract Underground energy storage is an important function of all energy supply systems, and especially concerning the seemingly eternal imbalance between production and demand. Salt rock underground energy storage, for one, is widely applied in both traditional and renewable energy fields; and this particular technique can be used to store natural gas, hydrogen, and compressed air. However, resource diversification and structural complexity make the supply system increasingly uncertain with the passing years, leading to great challenges for energy storage facilities in the present, and perhaps going into the future as well. Hence, it is necessary to research the operation stability of… More >

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443

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Yutian Hong^1,*, Yuping Yan²
Energy Engineering, Vol.120, No.1, pp. 245-261, 2023, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.022877
Abstract With the rapid development of the economy, the scale of the power grid is expanding. The number of power equipment that constitutes the power grid has been very large, which makes the state data of power equipment grow explosively. These multi-source heterogeneous data have data differences, which lead to data variation in the process of transmission and preservation, thus forming the bad information of incomplete data. Therefore, the research on data integrity has become an urgent task. This paper is based on the characteristics of random chance and the Spatio-temporal difference of the system. According to the characteristics and data… More >

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