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Performance Analysis of a Rooftop Hybrid Connected Solar PV System
Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, 10074, Iraq
* Corresponding Author: Abdul Hadi N. Khalifa. Email:
Energy Engineering 2022, 119(4), 1729-1744. https://doi.org/10.32604/ee.2022.021190
Received 31 December 2021; Accepted 19 March 2022; Issue published 23 May 2022
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In the present work, a 5-kW hybrid PV solar system was installed on the roof of a house in Diyala, Iraq (33.77° N, 45.14° E elevation 44 m). The system consists of two strings, where each string consists of nine polycrystalline PV modules with 355 Wp in series, and the two strings are in parallel. The energy storage system (ESS) consists of two parallel strings, each with four 12 V and 150 Ah tubular deep cycle batteries in series. A hybrid inverter of 5 kW rated power was operated in different modes. The results showed that May’s monthly energy consumption was about 822.9 and 1085 kWh, respectively. The percentage distribution of the DC energy produced was about 1% system energy losses, 27.9% was used to charge the ESS, 34.3% was used to feed the grid, and the remaining 37.64% was used to share the load. The energy percentage sharing the load was 16.67% from ESS, 33.33% from the PV system, and 50% purchased. The average daily reference, array, and final yields were 6.07, 4.327, and 3.991 h/day, respectively. The average array and load efficiencies were 12.3% and 92.24%, with the performance ratio at 65.4%.Graphical Abstract
Keywords
Solar energy; PV system; final yield; photovoltaic installations; performance ratio; hybrid PV system
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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