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Farzad Jaliliantabar^1,2,*, Rizalman Mamat³, Sudhakar Kumarasamy^2,4,5
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 847-861, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019051
Abstract Thermal characteristics of phase change material (PCM) are important in design and utilization of thermal energy storage or other applications. PCMs have great latent heat but suffer from low thermal conductivity. Then, in recent years, nano particles have been added to PCM to improve their thermophysical properties such as thermal conductivity. Effect of this nano particles on thermophysical properties of PCM has been a question and many experimental and numerical studies have been done to investigate them. Artificial intelligence-based approach can be a good candidate to predict thermophysical properties of nano enhance PCM (NEPCM). Then, in this study an artificial… More >

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Chen Wang¹, Cicilia Kemunto Mesa^2,*, Samuel Bimenyimana^1,3, Nathan Bogonko², George Adwek⁴, Yiyi Mo¹, Godwin Norense Osarumwense Asemota^5,6, Changfu Yuan⁷, Yaowen Chen⁷, Changtai Li⁸, Etienne Ntagwirumugara⁹, Aphrodis Nduwamungu⁵
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 863-881, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019248
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advanced Materials and Technologies for Sustainable Energy)
Abstract Offsetting particulate matter emissions has become a critical global aim as there are concerted efforts to deal with environmental and energy poverty challenges. This study consists of investigations of computing emissions of particulate matter from biomass fuels in various atmospheres and temperatures. The laboratory setup included a fixed bed electric reactor and a particulate matter (PM) measuring machine interfaced with the flue gas from the fixed bed reactor combustion chamber. The experiments were conducted at seven different temperatures (600°C–1200°C) and six incremental oxygen concentrations (21%–100%). Five biomass types were studied; A-cornstalk, B-wood, C-wheat straw, D-Rice husk, E-Peanut shell, each pulverized… More >

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Jiacheng Yang¹, Xiaohe Zhai¹, Zhongfu Tan^1,2,*, Zhenghao He¹
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 883-906, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018033
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Modern Electric Power and Energy Systems)
Abstract There is uncertainty in the electricity price of spot electricity market, which makes load aggregators undertake price risks for their agent users. In order to allow load aggregators to reduce the spot market price risk, scholars have proposed many solutions, such as improving the declaration decision-making model, signing power mutual insurance contracts, and adding energy storage and mobilizing demand-side resources to respond. In terms of demand side, calling flexible demand-side resources can be considered as a key solution. The user's power consumption rights (PCRs) are core contents of the demand-side resources. However, there have been few studies on the pricing… More >

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670

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Zong Bi^*, Weifeng Shi, Tiewei Song
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 907-928, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019627
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Modern Electric Power and Energy Systems)
Abstract In the marine electric power system, the marine generators will be disturbed by the large change of loads or the fault of the power system. The marine generators usually installed power system stabilizers to damp power system oscillations through the excitation control. This paper proposes a novel method to obtain optimal parameter values for Power System Stabilizer (PSS) to suppress low-frequency oscillations in the marine electric power system. In this paper, a newly developed immune clone selection algorithm was improved from the three aspects of the adaptive incentive degree, vaccination, and adaptive mutation strategies. Firstly, the typical PSS implementation type… More >

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Guofeng Liu^*, Can Zhang, Zhengyi Zhu, Xuyan Wang
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 929-946, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.014816
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Modern Electric Power and Energy Systems)
Abstract Due to the increasing power consumption of whole society and widely using of new non-linear and asymmetric electrical equipment, power quality assessment problem in the new period has attracted more and more attention. The mathematical essence of comprehensive assessment of power quality is a multi-attribute optimal decision-making problem. In order to solve the key problem of determining the indicator weight in the process of power quality assessment, a rough analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed to aggregate the judgment opinions of multiple experts and eliminate the subjective effects of single expert judgment. Based on the advantage of extension analysis for… More >

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752

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Chandrakant Dondariya^*, D. K. Sakravdia
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 947-963, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019118
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Modern Electric Power and Energy Systems)
Abstract This paper presents a newly developed proximity indicator for voltage stability assessment which can be used to predict critical real system load and voltages at various load buses at critical loading point. The proximity indicator varies almost parabolic with total real load demand and reaches orthogonally to real load axis. This relation has been utilized to predict critical loading point. It has been shown that two operating points are needed for estimating critical point and proper selection of operating points and variation of proximity indicator near collapse point highly affect the accuracy of estimation. Simulation is based on load flow… More >

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Haibin Cao¹, Houqi Dong¹, Yongjie Ren¹, Yuqing Wang^2,*, Na Li³, Ming Zeng¹
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 965-984, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.020051
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Energy Systems Management and Climate Change)
Abstract As the proportion of renewable energy power generation continues to increase, the number of grid-connected microgrids is gradually increasing, and geographically adjacent microgrids can be interconnected to form a Micro-Grid Community (MGC). In order to reduce the operation and maintenance costs of a single micro grid and reduce the adverse effects caused by unnecessary energy interaction between the micro grid and the main grid while improving the overall economic benefits of the micro grid community, this paper proposes a bi-level energy management model with the optimization goal of maximizing the social welfare of the micro grid community and minimizing the… More >

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Tao Guo, Gang Tian, Zhimin Ao^*, Xi Fang, Lili Wei, Fei Li
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 985-996, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018185
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: The Role of Artificial Intelligence for Modeling and Optimizing the Energy Systems )
Abstract Ground short circuit faults in current transmission lines are common in the power systems. In order to prevent the power system from aggravating the accident caused by short-circuit faults of transmission lines, a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) model is constructed to identify the short-circuit fault of the transmission line in the power system. The CNN model is mainly consisted of five convolutional layers, three max-pooling layers, one concatenate layer, one dropout layer, one fully connected layer, and a Softmax classifier. This method uses a fixed time window to intercept system short-circuit fault data, extracts the deep features of these… More >

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596

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Kehinde Adeyeye^1,*, Nelson Ijumba^1,2, Jonathan Colton^1,3
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 997-1015, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018677
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Wind Energy Development and Utilization)
Abstract This paper posits that a low-speed wind turbine design is suitable for harnessing wind energy in Africa. Conventional wind turbines consisting of propeller designs are commonly used across the world. A major hurdle to utilizing wind energy in Africa is that conventional commercial wind turbines are designed to operate at wind speeds greater than those prevalent in most of the continent, especially in sub-Sahara Africa (SSA). They are heavy and expensive to purchase, install, and maintain. As a result, only a few countries in Africa have been able to include wind energy in their energy mix. In this paper, the… More >

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791

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Fugang Dong, Yuqiao Zheng^*, Hao Li, Zhengwen He
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1017-1029, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.020430
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Wind Energy Development and Utilization)
Abstract This work takes the bionic bamboo tower (BBT) of 2 MW wind turbine as the target, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) is utilized to optimize its structural parameters. Specifically, the objective functions are deformation and mass. Based on the correlation analysis, the target optimization parameters were determined. Furthermore, the Kriging model of the BBT was established through the Latin Hypercube Sampling Design (LHSD). Finally, the BBT structure is optimized with multiple objectives under the constraints of strength, natural frequency, and size. The comparison shows that the optimized BBT has an advantage in the Design Load Case (DLC). This… More >

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Xueqin Tian¹, Mengran Cui², Tong Xu¹, Jinfei Sun², Xinlei Wang¹, Jiangxiang Guo², De-Gejirifu^1,*, Na Wang¹
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1031-1045, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.015984
Abstract A modeling method of regional integrated energy system based on bus method and transient simulation is proposed, and the system optimization is based on the dynamic balance of supply and demand in the whole year energy supply cycle. A CCHP system of gas turbine coupled with ground source heat pump and electric refrigeration unit is constructed. The energy relationship of the system is described by bus structure, and the transient calculation model is built on TRNSYS platform. The weighted sum of annual total cost saving rate, primary energy saving rate and environmental pollutant shadow cost saving rate is taken as… More >

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559

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Shuqiao Dan^*
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1047-1057, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.015594
Abstract There are several problems existing in the direct starting of asynchronous motor such as large starting current, reactive power absorption from network side and weak interference-resistance, etc. Aiming at this, a comprehensive energy-saving optimization model of asynchronous motor for voltage regulation based on static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is put forward. By analyzing the working principle and operation performance of static synchronous compensator regulating voltage, a new energy-efficient optimization method for asynchronous motor is proposed based on the voltage regulator model to achieve soft start, continuous dynamic reactive power compensation and the terminal voltage stability control. The multi-objective optimal operation of… More >

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547

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Qiang Li^1,*, Lei Xue¹, Xia Lin²
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1059-1074, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.017687
Abstract For facing the challenges brought by large-scale renewable energy having access to the system and considering the key technologies of energy Internet, it is very necessary to put forward the location method of distribution network equipment and capacity from the perspective of life cycle cost. Compared with the traditional energy network, the equipment capacity problem of energy interconnected distribution network which involves in electricity network, thermal energy network and natural gas network is comprehensively considered in this paper. On this basis, firstly, the operation architecture of energy interconnected distribution network is designed. Secondly, taking the grid connection location and configuration… More >

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571

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Haichao Wang¹, Yingying Fan^2,3,*, Weigao Meng⁴, Qiaoran Yang⁵
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1075-1101, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.019584
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Energy Development under Climate Change)
Abstract Sustainability evaluation of regional microgrid interconnection system is conducive to a profound and comprehensive understanding of the impact of interconnection system projects. In order to realize the comprehensive and scientific intelligent evaluation of the system, this paper proposes an evaluation model based on combination entropy weight rank order-technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) and Niche Immune Lion Algorithm-Extreme Learning Machine with Kernel (NILA-KELM). Firstly, the sustainability evaluation indicator system of the regional microgrid interconnection system is constructed from four aspects of economic, environmental, social, and technical characteristics, and the evaluation indicators are explained. Then, the… More >

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Hongyu Mu^1,2,*, Yinyan Wang¹, Hong Teng², Xingtian Zhao², Xiaolong Zhang², Yan Jin², Shiyang Hao², Jingfeng Zhao²
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1103-1116, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.017273
Abstract The aerodynamics and heat transfer performance in the rear-mounted automobile cabin have an important influence on the engine's safety and the operational stability of the automobile. The article uses STAR-CCM and GT-COOL software to establish the 3D wind tunnel model and engine cooling system model of the internal combustion engine. At the same time, we established a 3D artificial coupling model through parameter transfer. The research results show that the heat transfer coefficient decreases with the increase of the comprehensive drag coefficient of the nacelle. This shows that the cabin flow field has an important influence on the heat transfer… More >

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Xin Zhang^*, Jinpeng Jiang, Haoran Zheng, Jihong Zhang
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1117-1140, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.017288
Abstract China consumes significant amount of natural gas in winter. The integrated community energy utilization system (ICEUS) cannot stabilize the output of electricity and heat if there is a shortage of natural gas. The operation cost of the system still needs improvement. An energy supply structure using garbage power as the core of ICEUS was established in the study. The optimal dispatching model of ICEUS was established using the regulating characteristic of the community load. The sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) based on nonlinear factors and segmented weight was presented to solve the optimal dispatching model of ICEUS. From the simulation results, compared… More >

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525

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Hui Wang, Yishu Chen^*, Zichao Wu, Haocheng Xu
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1141-1167, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.016151
Abstract

The randomness and uncertainty of renewable energy generation are expected to significantly change the optimal decision-making of trans-provincial electricity market subjects. Therefore, it is beneficial to optimize the interests of each of these subjects, considering the unpredictable risks of renewable energy under the renewable portfolio standards (RPS) and researching their effects on the optimal decision-making of trans-provincial electricity market multi-subjects. First, we develop a trans-provincial trading market mechanism for renewable energy and clarify the electricity supply and demand relation and the green certificates supply and demand relation of trans-provincial electricity market multi-subjects. Then, under the RPS, we construct a multi-subject… More >

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526

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Indra Mamad Gandidi^1,2,*, Edy Suryadi³, Efri Mardawati³, Dwi Rustam Kendarto³, Nugroho Agung Pambudi^4,*
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1169-1178, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018821
Abstract Pyrolysis is one of the thermal cracking methods to convert hydrocarbon to liquid fuel. The quantity and quality of the process are dependent on several condition including temperature, reaction time, catalyst, and the type of reactor. Meanwhile, a gasoline fraction was maximum product to be considered in the pyrolisis process. Therefore, this study aims to increase the gasoline fraction in liquid fuel using stepwise pyrolysis with a long bed catalytic reactor downstream (LBCR). The LBCR downstream was equipped with the top and bottom outlet and the fed source was mixed municipal solid waste (MMSW). The activated natural dolomite at 500°C… More >

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1379

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633

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Lei Ren, Lei Zhang^*
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1179-1196, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018902
Abstract Due to the components at twice the fundamental frequency of output voltage in the instantaneous output power of a two-stage single-phase inverter (TSI), the second harmonic current (SHC) is generated in the front-end dc-dc converter (FDC). To reduce the SHC, optimizing the control strategy of the FDC is an effective and costless approach. From the view of visual impedance, this paper conducts an intensive study on the SHC reduction strategies. Origin of the SHC is illustrated first. Then, the equivalent circuit models of the FDC under different control strategies are proposed to analyse the SHC propagation characteristic. The derived model… More >

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1169

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548

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Bin Zhang, Boqiang Wei^*
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1197-1218, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.018411
Abstract The non-cascade permanent magnet synchronous motor control system has the advantages of simple structure and less adjustable parameters, but the non-cascade structure needs to solve the problem of over-current protection. In this paper, a current constrained control method is used to limit the starting current to a safe range. At the same time, to ensure the robustness and rapidity of the system, a super twist current constraint controller (CCSTA) is generated by combining super twist algorithm (STA) with current constraint control; Considering the diversity of internal and external disturbances, a functional disturbance observer (FDOB) is proposed to compensate the matched… More >

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1196

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527

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Lida Liao¹, Bo Xiao^1,2,*, Kan Huang^1,*, Bin Huang^1,3, Kang Zhang¹
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1219-1238, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.017471
Abstract With the increasingly stringent requirements for carbon emissions, countries have increased the scale of clean energy use in recent years. As an important new clean energy source, the ratio of wind power in energy utilization has been increasing. The horizontal axis wind turbine is the main form of wind power generation, which is subject to random wind loads during operation and is prone to various failures after a long period of operation, resulting in reduced power generation efficiency or even shutdown. In order to ensure stable external power transmission, it is necessary to perform fault diagnosis for wind turbines. However,… More >

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1080

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735

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Yanfei Chen¹, Jingjing He^2,*, Hao Chen^2,*, Xin Su², Bin Xie²
Energy Engineering, Vol.119, No.3, pp. 1239-1259, 2022, DOI:10.32604/ee.2022.017847
Abstract 20% n-butanol is blended in diesel by volume (noted as D80B20) and experiment has been carried out to study the effect on the combustion and emission characteristics based on a common rail diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The results reveal that D80B20 has longer ignition delay, shorter combustion duration and higher maximum in-cylinder temperature than pure diesel (noted as D100). Further, the number concentration and volume concentration of ultrafine particles decrease significantly while NO_X emissions increase a little with the addition of n-butanol. When the exhaust gas is induced into cylinder, NO_X emissions significantly decrease and ultrafine… More >

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