Open Access

ARTICLE

Energy-Efficient Routing Using Novel Optimization with Tabu Techniques for Wireless Sensor Network

Manar Ahmed Hamza^1,2,*, Aisha Hassan Abdalla Hashim¹, Dalia H. Elkamchouchi³, Nadhem Nemri⁴, Jaber S. Alzahrani⁵, Amira Sayed A. Aziz⁶, Mnahel Ahmed Ibrahim⁷, Abdelwahed Motwakel²

1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia
2 Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
4 Department of Information Systems, College of Science & Art at Mahayil, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia
5 Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering at Alqunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
6 Department of Digital Media, Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
7 College of Science and Humanities Studies in Alquwayiyah, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Manar Ahmed Hamza. Email: