Open Access

ARTICLE

Block Verification Mechanism Based on Zero-Knowledge Proof in Blockchain

by Jin Wang¹, Wei Ou¹, Osama Alfarraj², Amr Tolba², Gwang-Jun Kim^3,*, Yongjun Ren⁴

1 School of Computer & Communication Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
2 Department of Computer Science, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11437, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Computer Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
4 School of Computer Science, Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

* Corresponding Author: Gwang-Jun Kim. Email:

Computer Systems Science and Engineering 2023, 45(2), 1805-1819. https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2023.029622

Received 07 March 2022; Accepted 12 April 2022; Issue published 03 November 2022

Abstract

Since transactions in blockchain are based on public ledger verification, this raises security concerns about privacy protection. And it will cause the accumulation of data on the chain and resulting in the low efficiency of block verification, when the whole transaction on the chain is verified. In order to improve the efficiency and privacy protection of block data verification, this paper proposes an efficient block verification mechanism with privacy protection based on zero-knowledge proof (ZKP), which not only protects the privacy of users but also improves the speed of data block verification. There is no need to put the whole transaction on the chain when verifying block data. It just needs to generate the ZKP and root hash with the transaction information, then save them to the smart contract for verification. Moreover, the ZKP verification in smart contract is carried out to realize the privacy protection of the transaction and efficient verification of the block. When the data is validated, the buffer accepts the complete transaction, updates the transaction status in the cloud database, and packages up the chain. So, the ZKP strengthens the privacy protection ability of blockchain, and the smart contracts save the time cost of block verification.

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Keywords

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