Open Access

ARTICLE

Modified Mackenzie Equation and CVOA Algorithm Reduces Delay in UASN

R. Amirthavalli^1,*, S. Thanga Ramya², N. R. Shanker³

1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai, 66, India
2 Department of Information Technology, R. M. D Engineering College, Tiruvallur, 1206, India
3 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aalim Muhammed Salegh College of Engineering, Chennai, 55, India

* Corresponding Author: R. Amirthavalli. Email:

Computer Systems Science and Engineering 2022, 41(2), 829-847. https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2022.020307

Received 19 May 2021; Accepted 06 July 2021; Issue published 25 October 2021

Abstract

In Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network (UASN), routing and propagation delay is affected in each node by various water column environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, depth, gases, divergent and rotational wind. High sound velocity increases the transmission rate of the packets and the high dissolved gases in the water increases the sound velocity. High dissolved gases and sound velocity environment in the water column provides high transmission rates among UASN nodes. In this paper, the Modified Mackenzie Sound equation calculates the sound velocity in each node for energy-efficient routing. Golden Ratio Optimization Method (GROM) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) predicts propagation delay of each node in UASN using temperature, salinity, depth, dissolved gases dataset. Dissolved gases, rotational and divergent winds, and stress plays a major problem in UASN, which increases propagation delay and energy consumption. Predicted values from GPR and GROM leads to node selection and Corona Virus Optimization Algorithm (CVOA) routing is performed on the selected nodes. The proposed GPR-CVOA and GROM-CVOA algorithm solves the problem of propagation delay and consumes less energy in nodes, based on appropriate tolerant delays in transmitting packets among nodes during high rotational and divergent winds. From simulation results, CVOA Algorithm performs better than traditional DF and LION algorithms.

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Keywords

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