Open Access

ARTICLE

Smart Mina: LoRaWAN Technology for Smart Fire Detection Application for Hajj Pilgrimage

Mohammad Al Mojamed^*

Computer Science Department, Computing College-Alqunfudah, UMM Al-QURA University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Mohammad Al Mojamed. Email:

Computer Systems Science and Engineering 2022, 40(1), 259-272. https://doi.org/10.32604/csse.2022.018458

Received 09 March 2021; Accepted 01 May 2021; Issue published 26 August 2021

Abstract

The Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the used communication systems that serve and enables the deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT), which occasionally transmit small size data. As part of the Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), LoRaWAN is characterized by its ability for low power consumption. In addition, it is built to provide more extended coverage and higher capacity with minimum cost. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility and scalability of LoRaWAN for the Mina area using a realistic network model. Mina, known as the world’s largest tent city, is a valley located in the east of Makkah city and surrounded by mountains. It accommodates up to 3 million pilgrims annually and contains more than 100000 tents. The performance was evaluated based on a fire detection-like application. Extensive simulations were conducted using the OMNeT++ simulator and Flora model to determine the delivery ratio, collision, and SF distribution for the simulated scenario with a network consisting of up to ten thousand end devices. The conducted simulations show a promising result for LoRaWAN technology for Mina city. It showed a consistent performance for LoRaWAN in most simulated scenarios when a high success ratio was achieved.

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Citations