Open Access

ARTICLE

Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Algorithms for Email Phishing Detection Using TF-IDF, Word2Vec, and BERT

Arar Al Tawil^1,*, Laiali Almazaydeh², Doaa Qawasmeh³, Baraah Qawasmeh⁴, Mohammad Alshinwan^1,5, Khaled Elleithy⁶

1 Faculty of Information Technology, Applied Science Private University, Amman, 11931, Jordan
2 College of Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1790, United Arab Emirates
3 Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Al-Balqa Applied University, Salt, 19117, Jordan
4 Department of Civil and Construction Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
5 MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
6 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, CT 06604, USA

* Corresponding Author: Arar Al Tawil. Email: