Open Access

ARTICLE

Elevating Localization Accuracy in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Refined DV-Hop Approach

by Muhammad Aamer Ejaz^1,*, Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar¹, Ismail Fauzi Bin Isnin¹, Babangida Isyaku^1,2,*, Taiseer Abdalla Elfadil Eisa³, Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud⁴, Asma Abbas Hassan Elnour³

1 Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing, Universiti Technologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
2 Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, Sule Lamido University, P.M.B. 048, Kafin Hausa, 741103, Nigeria
3 Department of Information Systems-Girls Section, King Khalid University, Mahayil, 62529, Saudi Arabia
4 Humanities Research Center, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, 123, Oman

* Corresponding Authors: Muhammad Aamer Ejaz. Email: ; Babangida Isyaku. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024, 81(1), 1511-1528. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2024.054938

Received 12 June 2024; Accepted 19 August 2024; Issue published 15 October 2024

Abstract

Localization is crucial in wireless sensor networks for various applications, such as tracking objects in outdoor environments where GPS (Global Positioning System) or prior installed infrastructure is unavailable. However, traditional techniques involve many anchor nodes, increasing costs and reducing accuracy. Existing solutions do not address the selection of appropriate anchor nodes and selecting localized nodes as assistant anchor nodes for the localization process, which is a critical element in the localization process. Furthermore, an inaccurate average hop distance significantly affects localization accuracy. We propose an improved DV-Hop algorithm based on anchor sets (AS-IDV-Hop) to improve the localization accuracy. Through simulation analysis, we validated that the AS-IDV-Hop proposed algorithm is more efficient in minimizing localization errors than existing studies. The AS-IDV-Hop algorithm provides an efficient and cost-effective solution for localization in Wireless Sensor Networks. By strategically selecting anchor and assistant anchor nodes and rectifying the average hop distance, AS-IDV-Hop demonstrated superior performance, achieving a mean accuracy of approximately 1.59, which represents about 25.44%, 38.28%, and 73.00% improvement over other algorithms, respectively. The estimated localization error is approximately 0.345, highlighting AS-IDV-Hop’s effectiveness. This substantial reduction in localization error underscores the advantages of implementing AS-IDV-Hop, particularly in complex scenarios requiring precise node localization.

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