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A Comprehensive Survey for Privacy-Preserving Biometrics: Recent Approaches, Challenges, and Future Directions

Shahriar Md Arman¹, Tao Yang^1,*, Shahadat Shahed², Alanoud Al Mazroa³, Afraa Attiah⁴, Linda Mohaisen⁴

1 School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
2 School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
3 College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 84428, Saudi Arabia
4 Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Tao Yang. Email: