Open Access

ARTICLE

Traffic Scene Captioning with Multi-Stage Feature Enhancement

by Dehai Zhang^*, Yu Ma, Qing Liu, Haoxing Wang, Anquan Ren, Jiashu Liang

School of Software, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China

* Corresponding Author: Dehai Zhang. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Transport Resilience and Emergency Management in the Era of Artificial Intelligence)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023, 76(3), 2901-2920. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.038264

Received 05 December 2022; Accepted 10 April 2023; Issue published 08 October 2023

Abstract

Traffic scene captioning technology automatically generates one or more sentences to describe the content of traffic scenes by analyzing the content of the input traffic scene images, ensuring road safety while providing an important decision-making function for sustainable transportation. In order to provide a comprehensive and reasonable description of complex traffic scenes, a traffic scene semantic captioning model with multi-stage feature enhancement is proposed in this paper. In general, the model follows an encoder-decoder structure. First, multi-level granularity visual features are used for feature enhancement during the encoding process, which enables the model to learn more detailed content in the traffic scene image. Second, the scene knowledge graph is applied to the decoding process, and the semantic features provided by the scene knowledge graph are used to enhance the features learned by the decoder again, so that the model can learn the attributes of objects in the traffic scene and the relationships between objects to generate more reasonable captions. This paper reports extensive experiments on the challenging MS-COCO dataset, evaluated by five standard automatic evaluation metrics, and the results show that the proposed model has improved significantly in all metrics compared with the state-of-the-art methods, especially achieving a score of 129.0 on the CIDEr-D evaluation metric, which also indicates that the proposed model can effectively provide a more reasonable and comprehensive description of the traffic scene.

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Keywords

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