Open Access

ARTICLE

A Stacked Ensemble Deep Learning Approach for Imbalanced Multi-Class Water Quality Index Prediction

Wen Yee Wong¹, Khairunnisa Hasikin^1,*, Anis Salwa Mohd Khairuddin², Sarah Abdul Razak³, Hanee Farzana Hizaddin⁴, Mohd Istajib Mokhtar⁵, Muhammad Mokhzaini Azizan⁶

1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
4 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
5 Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
6 Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

* Corresponding Author: Khairunnisa Hasikin. Email: