Open Access

ARTICLE

Sailfish Optimizer with Deep Transfer Learning-Enabled Arabic Handwriting Character Recognition

Mohammed Maray¹, Badriyya B. Al-onazi², Jaber S. Alzahrani³, Saeed Masoud Alshahrani^4,*, Najm Alotaibi⁵, Sana Alazwari⁶, Mahmoud Othman⁷, Manar Ahmed Hamza⁸

1 Department of Information Systems, College of Computer Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Language Preparation, Arabic Language Teaching Institute, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering at Alqunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia
4 Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Information Technology, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
5 Prince Saud AlFaisal Institute for Diplomatic Studies, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
6 Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
7 Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
8 Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Saeed Masoud Alshahrani. Email: