Open Access

ARTICLE

Cyberbullying-related Hate Speech Detection Using Shallow-to-deep Learning

Daniyar Sultan^1,2, Aigerim Toktarova^3,*, Ainur Zhumadillayeva⁴, Sapargali Aldeshov^5,6, Shynar Mussiraliyeva¹, Gulbakhram Beissenova^6,7, Abay Tursynbayev⁸, Gulmira Baenova⁴, Aigul Imanbayeva⁶

1 Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
2 International Information Technology University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
3 Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkistan, Kazakhstan
4 L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan
5 South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
6 M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
7 University of Friendship of People’s Academician A. Kuatbekov, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
8 National Academy of Education named after Y. Altynsarin, Astana, Kazakhstan

* Corresponding Author: Aigerim Toktarova. Email: