Open Access

ARTICLE

Dipper Throated Optimization for Detecting Black-Hole Attacks in MANETs

Reem Alkanhel¹, El-Sayed M. El-kenawy^2,3, Abdelaziz A. Abdelhamid^4,5, Abdelhameed Ibrahim⁶, Mostafa Abotaleb⁷, Doaa Sami Khafaga^8,*

1 Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
2 Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, 35111, Egypt
3 Faculty of Artificial Intelligence, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura, 35712, Egypt
4 Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
5 Department of Computer Science, College of Computing and Information Technology, Shaqra University, 11961, Saudi Arabia
6 Computer Engineering and Control Systems Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
7 Department of System Programming, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, 454080, Russia
8 Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Doaa Sami Khafaga. Email: