Open Access

ARTICLE

A Secure Multiparty Quantum Homomorphic Encryption Scheme

Jing-Wen Zhang¹, Xiu-Bo Chen^1,*, Gang Xu^2,3, Heng-Ji Li⁴, Ya-Lan Wang⁵, Li-Hua Miao⁶, Yi-Xian Yang¹

1 Information Security Center, State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, 100876, China
2 School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China
3 Advanced Cryptography and System Security Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan, 610025, China
4 Quantum Technology Lab & Applied Mechanics Group, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
5 Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
6 Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, 518129, China

* Corresponding Author: Xiu-Bo Chen. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022, 73(2), 2835-2848. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.029125

Received 25 February 2022; Accepted 22 April 2022; Issue published 16 June 2022

Abstract

The significant advantage of the quantum homomorphic encryption scheme is to ensure the perfect security of quantum private data. In this paper, a novel secure multiparty quantum homomorphic encryption scheme is proposed, which can complete arbitrary quantum computation on the private data of multiple clients without decryption by an almost dishonest server. Firstly, each client obtains a secure encryption key through the measurement device independent quantum key distribution protocol and encrypts the private data by using the encryption operator and key. Secondly, with the help of the almost dishonest server, the non-maximally entangled states are pre-shared between the client and the server to correct errors in the homomorphic evaluation of T gates, so as to realize universal quantum circuit evaluation on encrypted data. Thirdly, from the perspective of the application scenario of secure multi-party computation, this work is based on the probabilistic quantum homomorphic encryption scheme, allowing multiple parties to delegate the server to perform the secure homomorphic evaluation. The operation and the permission to access the data performed by the client and the server are clearly pointed out. Finally, a concrete security analysis shows that the proposed multiparty quantum homomorphic encryption scheme can securely resist outside and inside attacks.

---

Keywords

---