Open Access

ARTICLE

Hybrid GrabCut Hidden Markov Model for Segmentation

by Soobia Saeed^1,*, Afnizanfaizal Abdullah¹, N. Z. Jhanjhi², Mehmood Naqvi³, Mehedi Masud⁴, Mohammed A. AlZain⁵

1 Department of Software Engineering, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia-UTM, 81310, Malaysia
2 School of Computer Science and Engineering, SCE Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, 47500, Malaysia
3 Department of Engineering and Technology, Mohak College, Alberta, Canada
4 Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
5 Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Soobia Saeed. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022, 72(1), 851-869. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.024085

Received 03 October 2021; Accepted 16 December 2021; Issue published 24 February 2022

Abstract

Diagnosing data or object detection in medical images is one of the important parts of image segmentation especially those data which is less effective to identify in MRI such as low-grade tumors or cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leaks in the brain. The aim of the study is to address the problems associated with detecting the low-grade tumor and CSF in brain is difficult in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images and another problem also relates to efficiency and less execution time for segmentation of medical images. For tumor and CSF segmentation using trained light field database (LFD) datasets of MRI images. This research proposed the new framework of the hybrid k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) model that is a combination of hybridization of Graph Cut and Support Vector Machine (GCSVM) and Hidden Markov Model of k-Mean Clustering Algorithm (HMMkC). There are four different methods are used in this research namely (1) SVM, (2) GrabCut segmentation, (3) HMM, and (4) k-mean clustering algorithm. In this framework, on the one hand, phase one is to perform the classification of SVM and Graph Cut algorithm to create the maximum margin distance. This research use GrabCut segmentation method which is the application of the graph cut algorithm and extract the data with the help of scale-invariant features transform. On the other hand, in phase two, segment the low-grade tumors and CSF using a method adapted for HMkC and extract the information of tumor or CSF fluid by GCHMkC including iterative conditional maximizing mode (ICMM) with identifying the range of distant. Comparative evaluation is also performing by the comparison of existing techniques in this research. In conclusion, our proposed model gives better results than existing. This proposed model helps to common man and doctor that can identify their condition of brain easily. In future, this will model will use for other brain related diseases.

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