Open Access

ARTICLE

Unified FPGA Design for the HEVC Dequantization and Inverse Transform Modules

by Turki M. Alanazi, Ahmed Ben Atitallah^*

Department of Electrical Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 2014, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Ahmed Ben Atitallah. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022, 71(3), 4319-4335. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.022988

Received 25 August 2021; Accepted 03 November 2021; Issue published 14 January 2022

Abstract

As the newest standard, the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is specially designed to minimize the bitrate for video data transfer and to support High Definition (HD) and ULTRA HD video resolutions at the cost of increasing computational complexity relative to earlier standards like the H.264. Therefore, real-time video decoding with HEVC decoder becomes a challenging task. However, the Dequantization and Inverse Transform (DE/IT) are one of the computationally intensive modules in the HEVC decoder which are used to reconstruct the residual block. Thus, in this paper, a unified hardware architecture is proposed to implement the HEVC DE/IT module for all Transform Unit (TU) block size, including 4 × 4, 8 × 8, 16 × 16 and 32 × 32. This architecture is designed using the High-Level Synthesis (HLS) and the Low-Level Synthesis (LLS) methods in order to compare and determine the best method to implement in real-time the DE/IT module. In fact, the C/C++ programming language is used to generate an optimized hardware design for DE/IT module through the Xilinx Vivado HLS tool. On the other hand, the LLS hardware architecture is designed by the VHSIC Hardware Description language (VHDL) and using the pipeline technique to decrease the processing time. The experimental results on the Xilinx XC7Z020 FPGA show that the LLS design increases the throughput in term of frame rate by 80% relative to HLS design with a 4.4% increase in the number of Look-Up Tables (LUTs). Compared with existing related works in literature, the proposed architectures demonstrate significant advantages in hardware cost and performance improvement.

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