Open Access

ARTICLE

Double-E-Triple-H-Shaped NRI-Metamaterial for Dual-Band Microwave Sensing Applications

Shafayat Hossain¹, Md. Iquebal Hossain Patwary¹, Sikder Sunbeam Islam¹, Sultan Mahmud^1,2, Norbahiah Binti Misran², Ali F. Almutairi³, Mohammad Tariqul Islam^2,*

1 Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, 4318, Chittagong, Bangladesh
2 Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, 43600, Malaysia
3 Electrical Engineering Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, 13060, Kuwait

* Corresponding Author: Mohammad Tariqul Islam. Email:

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022, 71(3), 5817-5836. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.022042

Received 26 July 2021; Accepted 20 October 2021; Issue published 14 January 2022

Abstract

This paper presents a new Double-E-Triple-H-Shaped NRI (negative refractive index) metamaterial (MM) for dual-band microwave sensing applications. Here, a horizontal H-shaped metal structure is enclosed by two face-to-face E-shaped metal structures. This double-E-H-shaped design is also encased by two vertical H-shaped structures along with some copper links. Thus, the Double-E-Triple-H-Shaped configuration is developed. Two popular substrate materials of Rogers RO 3010 and FR-4 were adopted for analyzing the characteristics of the unit cell. The proposed structure exhibits transmission resonance inside the S-band with NRI and ENG (Epsilon Negative) metamaterial properties, and inside the C-band with ENG and MNG (Mu Negative) metamaterial properties. A good effective medium ratio (EMR) of 8.06 indicates the compactness and effectiveness of the proposed design. Further analysis has been done by changing the thickness of the substrate material as well and a significant change in the effective medium ratio is found. The validity of the proposed structure is confirmed by an equivalent circuit model. The simulated result agrees well with the calculated result. For exploring microwave sensing applications of the proposed unit cell, permittivity and pressure sensitivity performance were investigated in different simulation arrangements. The compact size, effective parameters, high sensitivity and a good EMR represent the proposed metamaterial as a promising solution for S-band and C-band microwave sensing applications.

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