Open Access

ARTICLE

Ultra-Wideband Annular Ring Fed Rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna for Millimeter Wave 5G Applications

by Abinash Gaya¹, Mohd. Haizal Jamaluddin^1,*, Ayman A. Althuwayb²

1 Wireless Communication Center, School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
3 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, 72388, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Mohd. Haizal Jamaluddin. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in 5G Antenna Designs and Systems)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022, 71(1), 1331-1348. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.022041

Received 26 July 2021; Accepted 07 September 2021; Issue published 03 November 2021

Abstract

In this article an ultra-wideband rectangular Dielectric Resonator Antenna is designed for millimeter wave 5G frequency band applications. Indoor 5G communications require antenna system with wide bandwidth and high efficiency to enhance the throughput in the channel. To fulfill such requirements a Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) is designed here which has achieved an ultra-wide bandwidth of 20.15% (22.32–27.56 GHz) which is 5.24 GHz of bandwidth centered at 26 GHz as resonating frequency. This covers the complete band 30 (24.3–27.5 GHz) of 5G spectrum. 26 and 28 GHz are considered as most popular frequencies in millimeter wave 5G communications. The aperture fed DRA designed here has also achieved an efficiency of 96 percentage with maximum radiation in the broadside direction (Phi = 0, Theta = 0). The measured gain of the DRA is 6.3 dB. The DRA designed here has dimensions of 0.25 λ₀×0.22 λ₀×0.12 λ_0. under the characteristic's mode. The DRA is placed over a substrate with dimensions 0.5 λ₀×0.5 λ₀×0.02 λ₀. A cross slot aperture has been made on the ground plane which is placed above to the substrate. Here a full ground plane is used to resonate the antenna and is of similar dimension to the substrate. A microstrip line with two concentric rings makes an annular feed structure is used to excite the DRA and is placed below the substrate. The DRA is excited here in characteristics mode TE_1Y1 and is the only mode of excitation. The DRA is linearly polarized, and the characteristic mode of excitation is maintained with 50 Ohm input impedance of the antenna. The DRA also gives here a good difference between the co-pol and cross pol approximately 15 to 20 dB. This antenna is more suitable for 5G indoor applications in millimeter wave frequency band centered at 26 GHz.

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