Open Access

ARTICLE

An Efficient Energy Aware Routing Mechanism for Wireless Body Area Networks

by Wejdan Wasel Aljaghthami^*, Mohammad Haseeb Zafar, Afraa Zuhair Attiah

Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

* Corresponding Author: Wejdan Wasel Aljaghthami. Email:

(This article belongs to the Special Issue: Pervasive Computing and Communication: Challenges, Technologies & Opportunities)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2022, 70(1), 1111-1126. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2022.019912

Received 01 May 2021; Accepted 01 June 2021; Issue published 07 September 2021

Abstract

The accelerated development of wireless network technology has resulted in the emergence of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), which is a technology commonly used in the medical field. WBAN consists of tiny sensor nodes that interconnect with each other and set in the human body to collect and transmit the patient data to the physician, to monitor the patients remotely. These nodes typically have limited battery energy that led to a shortage of network lifetime. Therefore, energy efficiency is considered one of the most demanding challenges in routing design for WBAN. Many proposed routing mechanisms in WBAN did not cover the source node energy and energy harvesting techniques. Therefore, this study proposes an Efficient Energy Aware Routing (EEAR) mechanism. This paper constructs a path cost function that considers three parameters: residual energy, number of hops to the sink, and the distance between the nodes. Besides, data aggregation with filtration and hybrid energy harvesting technique are used to extend the network lifetime, reduce the network traffic load, and maintain the source node energy. Extensive simulations using MATLAB have been performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed mechanism. EEAR is contrasted with the two latest schemes, called Priority-based Congestion-avoidance Routing Protocol (PCRP) and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol (EERP). The results show the significant performance of the EEAR mechanism in terms of network lifetime, residual energy, network stability, and throughput.

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Keywords

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