Open Access

ARTICLE

Hemodynamic Response Detection Using Integrated EEG-fNIRS-VPA for BCI

Arshia Arif¹, M. Jawad Khan^1,2,*, Kashif Javed¹, Hasan Sajid^1,2, Saddaf Rubab¹, Noman Naseer³, Talha Irfan Khan⁴

1 National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
2 Intelligent Robotics Lab, National Center of Artificial Intelligence, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
3 Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
4 Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan

* Corresponding Author: M. Jawad Khan. Email: