Open Access

ARTICLE

Quality of Service Aware Cluster Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Ishtiaq Wahid¹, Fasee Ullah^2,*, Masood Ahmad¹, Atif Khan³, M. Irfan Uddin⁴, Abdullah Alharbi⁵, Wael Alosaimi⁵
1 Department of Computer Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
2 Department of Computer and Information Technology, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
3 Department of Computer Science, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
4 Institute of Computing, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, 2600, Pakistan
5 Department of Information Technology, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
* Corresponding Author: Fasee Ullah. Email:
(This article belongs to this Special Issue: Deep Learning and Parallel Computing for Intelligent and Efficient IoT)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021, 67(3), 3949-3965. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2021.014190

Received 04 September 2020; Accepted 15 December 2020; Issue published 01 March 2021

Abstract

In vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), the topology information (TI) is updated frequently due to vehicle mobility. These frequent changes in topology increase the topology maintenance overhead. To reduce the control message overhead, cluster-based routing schemes are proposed. In cluster-based routing schemes, the nodes are divided into different virtual groups, and each group (logical node) is considered a cluster. The topology changes are accommodated within each cluster, and broadcasting TI to the whole VANET is not required. The cluster head (CH) is responsible for managing the communication of a node with other nodes outside the cluster. However, transmitting real-time data via a CH may cause delays in VANETs. Such real-time data require quick service and should be routed through the shortest path when the quality of service (QoS) is required. This paper proposes a hybrid scheme which transmits time-critical data through the QoS shortest path and normal data through CHs. In this way, the real-time data are delivered efficiently to the destination on time. Similarly, the routine data are transmitted through CHs to reduce the topology maintenance overhead. The work is validated through a series of simulations, and results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing algorithms in terms of topology maintenance overhead, QoS and real-time and routine packet transmission.

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Keywords

QoS; VANETs; routing; real-time communication; IoT

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Citations