Open Access
ARTICLE
Saleh Albahli1, Tahira Nazir2,*, Aun Irtaza2, Ali Javed3
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1333-1351, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014691
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Machine Learning-based Intelligent Systems: Theories, Algorithms, and Applications)
Abstract Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that results in a retinal complication called diabetic retinopathy (DR) which is one of the four main reasons for sightlessness all over the globe. DR usually has no clear symptoms before the onset, thus making disease identification a challenging task. The healthcare industry may face unfavorable consequences if the gap in identifying DR is not filled with effective automation. Thus, our objective is to develop an automatic and cost-effective method for classifying DR samples. In this work, we present a custom Faster-RCNN technique for the recognition and classification of DR lesions from retinal images. After… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Masood Ahmad1, Abdul Hameed2, Fasee Ullah3,*, Ishtiaq Wahid1, Atif Khan4, M. Irfan Uddin5, Shafiq Ahmad6, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny6
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1353-1368, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014237
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Deep Learning and Parallel Computing for Intelligent and Efficient IoT)
Abstract Clustering algorithms optimization can minimize topology maintenance overhead in large scale vehicular Ad hoc networks (VANETs) for smart transportation that results from dynamic topology, limited resources and non-centralized architecture. The performance of a clustering algorithm varies with the underlying mobility model to address the topology maintenance overhead issue in VANETs for smart transportation. To design a robust clustering algorithm, careful attention must be paid to components like mobility models and performance objectives. A clustering algorithm may not perform well with every mobility pattern. Therefore, we propose a supervisory protocol (SP) that observes the mobility pattern of vehicles and identifies the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Chinnapalli Likith Kumar1,*, A. Vimala Juliet1, Bandaru Ramakrishna2, Shubhangi Chakraborty1, Mazin Abed Mohammed3, Kalakanda Alfred Sunny4
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1369-1384, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015116
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Retrospective Big Data Analytics in Radiological Imaging for Precision Medicine)
Abstract Microfluidic channels play a vital role in separation of analytes of interest such as bacteria and platelet cells, etc., in various biochemical diagnosis procedures including urinary tract infections (UTI) and bloodstream infections. This paper presents the multi physics computational model specifically designed to study the effects of design parameters of a microfluidics channel for the separation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) from various blood constituents including red blood cells (RBC) and platelets. A standard two inlet and a two outlet microchannel of length 805 m with a channel width of 40 m is simulated. The effect of electrode potentials and… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Nadeem Ahmad Sheikh1,2, Dennis Ling Chuan Ching1, Thabet Abdeljawad3,4,5, Ilyas Khan6,*, Muhammad Jamil7,8, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar9
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1385-1398, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.011986
Abstract An emerging definition of the fractal-fractional operator has been used in this study for the modeling of Casson fluid flow. The magnetohydrodynamics flow of Casson fluid has cogent in a channel where the motion of the upper plate generates the flow while the lower plate is at a static position. The proposed model is non-dimensionalized using the Pi-Buckingham theorem to reduce the complexity in solving the model and computation time. The non-dimensional fractal-fractional model with the power-law kernel has been solved through the Laplace transform technique. The Mathcad software has been used for illustration of the influence of various parameters,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Abdul Hannan Khan1,2, Muhammad Adnan Khan3,*, Sagheer Abbas2, Shahan Yamin Siddiqui1,2, Muhammad Aanwar Saeed4, Majed Alfayad5, Nouh Sabri Elmitwally6,7
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1399-1412, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012737
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is expanding its roots in medical diagnostics. Various acute and chronic diseases can be identified accurately at the initial level by using AI methods to prevent the progression of health complications. Kidney diseases are producing a high impact on global health and medical practitioners are suggested that the diagnosis at earlier stages is one of the foremost approaches to avert chronic kidney disease and renal failure. High blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and glomerulonephritis are the root causes of kidney disease. Therefore, the present study is proposed a set of multiple techniques such as simulation, modeling, and optimization… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Bilal Shoaib1, Yasir Javed2, Muhammad Adnan Khan3,*, Fahad Ahmad4, Rizwan Majeed5, Muhammad Saqib Nawaz1, Muhammad Adeel Ashraf6, Abid Iqbal2, Muhammad Idrees7
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1413-1427, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015099
Abstract For the unforced dynamical non-linear statespace model, a new Q1 and efficient square root extended kernel recursive least square estimation algorithm is developed in this article. The proposed algorithm lends itself towards the parallel implementation as in the FPGA systems. With the help of an ortho-normal triangularization method, which relies on numerically stable givens rotation, matrix inversion causes a computational burden, is reduced. Matrix computation possesses many excellent numerical properties such as singularity, symmetry, skew symmetry, and triangularity is achieved by using this algorithm. The proposed method is validated for the prediction of stationary and non-stationary MackeyGlass Time Series, along… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Raniyah Wazirali*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1429-1445, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014172
Abstract Intrusion detection system (IDS) techniques are used in cybersecurity to protect and safeguard sensitive assets. The increasing network security risks can be mitigated by implementing effective IDS methods as a defense mechanism. The proposed research presents an IDS model based on the methodology of the adaptive fuzzy k-nearest neighbor (FKNN) algorithm. Using this method, two parameters, i.e., the neighborhood size (k) and fuzzy strength parameter (m) were characterized by implementing the particle swarm optimization (PSO). In addition to being used for FKNN parametric optimization, PSO is also used for selecting the conditional feature subsets for detection. To proficiently regulate the… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
José Javier de Vicente Mohino1, Javier Bermejo Higuera1, Juan Ramón Bermejo Higuera1, Juan Antonio Sicilia Montalvo1,*, Manuel Sánchez Rubio1, José Javier Martínez Herraiz2
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1447-1469, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014596
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Current trends and Advancements for next-generation secure Industrial IoT)
Abstract In a computer environment, an operating system is prone to malware, and even the Linux operating system is not an exception. In recent years, malware has evolved, and attackers have become more qualified compared to a few years ago. Furthermore, Linux-based systems have become more attractive to cybercriminals because of the increasing use of the Linux operating system in web servers and Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Windows is the most employed OS, so most of the research efforts have been focused on its malware protection rather than on other operating systems. As a result, hundreds of research articles, documents,… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Kavita Sahu1, Fahad A. Alzahrani2, R. K. Srivastava1, Rajeev Kumar3,4,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1471-1488, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014868
Abstract Maintaining software reliability is the key idea for conducting quality research. This can be done by having less complex applications. While developers and other experts have made significant efforts in this context, the level of reliability is not the same as it should be. Therefore, further research into the most detailed mechanisms for evaluating and increasing software reliability is essential. A significant aspect of growing the degree of reliable applications is the quantitative assessment of reliability. There are multiple statistical as well as soft computing methods available in literature for predicting reliability of software. However, none of these mechanisms are… More >
Open Access
ARTICLE
Gi-Wan Hong1, Jeong-Wook Kim1, Hangbae Chang2,*
CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1489-1501, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.013344
（This article belongs to this Special Issue: Innovation of Blockchain Technology)
Abstract Hyper-connectivity in Industry 4.0 has resulted in not only a rapid increase in the amount of information, but also the expansion of areas and assets to be protected. In terms of information security, it has led to an enormous economic cost due to the various and numerous security solutions used in protecting the increased assets. Also, it has caused difficulties in managing those issues due to reasons such as mutual interference, countless security events and logs’ data, etc. Within this security environment, an organization should identify and classify assets based on the value of data and their security perspective, and… More >
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