Open Access

ARTICLE

An Improved Differential Fault Analysis on Block Cipher KLEIN-64

Min Long^{1, *}, Man Kong¹, Sai Long¹, Xiang Zhang²

1 Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410014, China.
2 School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

* Corresponding Author: Min Long. Email: .

Computers, Materials & Continua 2020, 65(2), 1425-1436. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2020.011116

Received 20 April 2020; Accepted 03 June 2020; Issue published 20 August 2020

Abstract

KLEIN-64 is a lightweight block cipher designed for resource-constrained environment, and it has advantages in software performance and hardware implementation. Recent investigation shows that KLEIN-64 is vulnerable to differential fault attack (DFA). In this paper, an improved DFA is performed to KLEIN-64. It is found that the differential propagation path and the distribution of the S-box can be fully utilized to distinguish the correct and wrong keys when a half-byte fault is injected in the 10^th round. By analyzing the difference matrix before the last round of S-box, the location of fault injection can be limited to a small range. Thus, this improved analysis can greatly improve the attack efficiency. For the best case, the scale of brute-force attack is only 256. While for the worst case, the scale of brute-force attack is far less than 2³² with another half byte fault injection, and the probability for this case is 1/64. Furthermore, the measures for KLEIN-64 in resisting the improved DFA are proposed.

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Citations