Open Access

ARTICLE

Sliding-Mode PID Control of UAV Based on Particle Swarm Parameter Tuning

Yunping Liu^{1, 2, *}, Xingxing Yan¹, Fei Yan¹, Ze Xu¹, Weiyan Shang³

1 School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment, Nanjing, 210044, China.
2 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, M5B 2K3, Canada.
3 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 5V6, Canada.

* Corresponding Author: Yunping Liu. Email: .