Open Access

ARTICLE

Distortion Function for Emoji Image Steganography

Lina Shi¹, Zichi Wang¹, Zhenxing Qian^1,*, Nannan Huang¹, Pauline Puteaux², Xinpeng Zhang¹

1 Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
2 Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Robotique et de Microlectronique de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, 34095, France.

* Corresponding Author: Zhenxing Qian. Email: .